嫁接茄子根系分泌物的化感效应

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用室内生物测定的方法,研究了不同砧木、不同浓度和不同生育期嫁接茄子根系分泌物的化感效应.结果表明,嫁接茄根系分泌物与自根茄相比,促进了茄子种子的萌发和幼苗生长.各砧木品种嫁接茄根系分泌物的化感效应显著或极显著高于对照,其中发芽率和苗高最高,增加29.1%和37.1%;不同浓度试验结果呈现“低促高抑”的规律,当浓度为0.04g·ml^-1时发芽率最高,比对照增加50%,当浓度增加到0.24g·ml^-1时,根长比对照降低了30.3%;在生长后期嫁接茄的根系分泌物对种子萌发的促进作用小于前中期,而自根茄抑制作用增强.因此,生产中使用嫁接技术是缓解由自毒作用引起的连作障碍的有效方法之一.

关键词: 化感作用, 根系分泌物, 茄子, 嫁接, 自毒作用

Abstract: By the methods of bioassay,this paper studied the allelopathic effects of different concentrations root exudates from the eggplants grafted with different stocks and at different growth stages.The results showed that compared with that of own-rooted eggplant,the root exudates from grafted eggplants promoted the seed germination and seedling growth of eggplants,and,in comparing with the control (water),they increased the germination rate and plant height by 29.1% and 37.1%,respectively.The seed germination and root length of eggplants was increased at lower concentrations root exudates,but decreased at higher concentrations.The germination rate was increased up to 50% above control at 0.04 g穖l^-1,and the inhibition of root length was up to 30.3% at 0.24 g穖l^-1.The promotion effect of the root exudates from late growth stage grafted eggplants on seed germination was less than that from other growth stage grafted eggplants.Own-rooted eggplant had an intensified inhibitory effect at its late growth stage.Grafting was one of the effective methods for relieving the continuous cropping obstacles caused by autotoxicity.

Key words: Allelopathy, Root exudates, Eggplant, Graft, Autotoxicity

中图分类号:

Q948.12⁺2.1

张凤丽, 周宝利, 王茹华, 何雨. 嫁接茄子根系分泌物的化感效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(4): 750-753.

ZHANG Fengli, ZHOU Baoli, WANG Ruhua, HE Yu . Allelopathic effects of grafted eggplant root exudates[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(4): 750-753.

参考文献

[1] Cen Y-J(岑伊静),Pang X-F(庞雄飞),Zhou Q(周琼),et al.2004.Bioassay on oviposition repellency of non-preferable plant extracts against citrus red mite Panonychus citri.Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报),15(9):1687～1690(in Chinese)
[2] Chen D-M(陈道茂),Chen W-M(陈卫民).1990.Studies on the effect oftwo pyrethroids on the development of citrus red mite.Acta Phytophyl Sin(植物保护学报),17(3):279～282(in Chinese)
[3] Chen S-J(陈守坚),ZhouF-W(周芬薇),Zhuang S-K(庄胜慨),et al.1980.An investigation on the cause of the rampancy of citrus red mite,Panonychus citri McG.and control measures.J South China Agric Univ(华南农业大学学报),1(2):101～111(in Chinese)
[4] Division of Biological Control.Kwangtung Entomological Institute (广东省昆虫研究所生物防治研究室),et al.1978.Studies on the integrated control of the citrus red mite with the predaceous mite as a principal controlling agent.Acta Ent Sin(昆虫学报),21(3):260～270(in Chinese)
[5] Dixon RA.2001.Natural products and plant disease resistance.Nature,411:843～847
[6] Farme EE.2001.Surface-to-air signals.Nature,411:854～864
[7] Han s-C(韩诗畴),Li L-Y(李丽英),Peng T-X(彭统序),et al.2001.Preliminary survey of insects mites and fungal pathogens on the weeds Mikania micrantha and M.cordata.Natural Enemies Insects(昆虫天敌),23(3):119～126(in Chinese)
[8] Huang M-D(黄明度).1979.Integrated management of citrus red mite.In:Integrated Management of Important Pest in China.Beijing:Science Press.361～369(in Chinese)
[9] Li J-P(李金培),Zhang Y-Z(张玉珍).1998.The application of plant original pesticide.World Agric(世界农业),236(12):28～30(in Chinese)
[10] Mai X-H(麦秀慧),Li S-X(李树新),Xong J-J(熊锦君),et al.1979.Control citrus red mite by protecting Amblyseius newsami (Evans)in citrus orchards in mountain area.Natural Enemies Insects(昆虫天敌),1:52～56(in Chinese)
[11] Pang X-F(庞雄飞),Huang F-K(黄凤宽).1992.Evaluation of the effectiveness of various insecticides on the brown rice plant hopper.J South China Agric Univ(华南农业大学学报),13(2):1～4(in Chinese)
[12] Pang X-F(庞雄飞),Liang,G-W(梁广文).1995.Population Suppression of Insect Pests. Guangzhou:Guangdong Science and Technology Press. 24～30 (in Chinese)
[13] Qin J-D(钦俊德).1987.Insect-Plant Interactions.Beijing:Science Press.38(in Chinese)
[14] Rausher MD. 2001. Co-evolution and plant resistance to natural enemies. Nature, 411:857～864
[15] Stuiver MH, Jerome HHVC. 2001. Engineering disease resistance in plants. Nature, 411:865～868
[16] Tian M-Y(田明义),Liang G-W(梁广文),Pang X-F(庞雄飞).1995.Effect of two pesticides on population dynamics of citrus red mite.JSouth China Agric Unia(华南农业大学学报),16(1):64～67(in Chinese)
[17] Tian M-Y(田明义),Liang G-W(梁广文),Pang X-F(庞雄飞).1994.Improvement onthelife table of natural population of citrus red mite andits analysis.J South China Agric Univ(华南农业大学学报),15(3):39～44(in Chinese)
[18] Waterhouse DW.1994.Biological Control of Weeds:Southeast Asian Prospests.Canberra,Australia:ACIAR.124～135
[19] Xian J-D(冼继东),Pang X-F(庞雄飞),Zeng L(曾玲).2003.Suppressive effect of secondary substances on Liriomyza sativae population.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),14(1):97～100(in Chinese)
[20] Xian J-D(冼继东),Liang G-W(梁广文),Zeng L(曾玲),et al.2003.Suppressive effect of plant secondary substances and ecological measures on Liriomyza sativae population.Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报),14(11):1943～1946(in Chinese)
[21] Zhang M-X(张茂新),Ling B(凌冰),Kong C-H(孔垂华),et al.2003.Chemical components of volatile oil from Mikania micrantha and its biological activity on insects.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),14(1):93～96(in Chinese)
[22] Zhang M-X(张茂新),Ling B(凌冰),Kong C-H(孔垂华),et al.2002.Allelopathic potential of volatile oil from Mikania micrantha.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报),13(10):1300～1302(in Chinese)