紫色土外源砷的形态分配与化学、生物有效性

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (5): 899-902.

紫色土外源砷的形态分配与化学、生物有效性

苗金燕¹, 何峰², 魏世强³, 刘刚³

1. 重庆交通学院, 重庆 400074;
2. 重庆南岸茶园博士后科研工作站, 重庆 401336;
3. 西南农业大学资源环境学院, 重庆 400716

收稿日期:2003-09-04 修回日期:2004-12-12 出版日期:2005-05-15 发布日期:2005-05-15
通讯作者: 苗金燕,女,1967年生,副研究员.主要从事重金属污染和环境质量评价研究,发表论文11篇.E-mail:hjf1835@vip.sina.com
基金资助:
重庆市科委科技攻关资助项目(20016655).

Forms and bio-availabilities of exogenous arsenic in purple soils

1. Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China;
2. Chayuan Postdoctoral Center of Scientific and Research, Chongqing Nan′an 401336, China;
3. College of Resources and Environment Science, Southwest Agriculture University, Chongqing 400716, China

Received:2003-09-04 Revised:2004-12-12 Online:2005-05-15 Published:2005-05-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用盆栽试验与化学分析相结合的方法研究了外源As在酸性、中性、钙质紫色土中的形态分配及其化学、生物有效性特征.结果表明,土壤本底As68%～86%为残留态,外源As加入10d后50.2%～61.1%转化为残留态,至收获期(60d)仅增1%～2%.酸性紫色土中活性态As分配为:A(交换态)As>Al As>Fe As>Ca As;中性紫色土:A As>Al As>Ca As>Fe As;石灰性紫色土:A As>Ca As>Al As>Fe As.浸提剂HCl、NaHCO₃、NH₄Cl对土壤As的提取能力不同,与植物吸收As的相关性也有差异.NH₄Cl主要提取交换态As,对土壤As的原有形态影响最小,与植株吸收量呈极显著相关,可作为不同土壤有效As的通用浸提剂.多元回归表明,酸性紫色土决定植株吸As量的是Al As和Fe As,中性、石灰性紫色土为A As和Ca As.试验发现,Al As分级时存在F^-的干扰,1mol·L^-1H₃BO₃可有效掩蔽.

关键词: 紫色土, 砷, 形态, 有效性

Abstract: This study showed that after As was added into purple soils for 10 days,50.2%～61.1% of it transformed into residual As,occupying 68%～86% in original soils.For acid purple soil,the As forms were Al-As >Fe-As>Ca-As;for neutral purple soil,they were Ca-As>Al-As>Ca-As>Fe-As>A-As,and for calcic purple soil,they were Ca-As>Al-As>Fe-As>A-As.It is suggested that NH₄Cl could be used as common extractant for different soils,because it slightly affected original As forms in soils,and showed a highly significant correlation (P=0.01) to plant absorption.From pluralistic regressive analysis of plant As content and each As form,Al-As and Fe-As were the main available forms in acid purple soil,but A-As and Ca-As were the most important fractions in neutral and calcic purple soils.The study also showed that H₃BO₃ could restrain the F interference in the operation of As speciation separations.

Key words: Purple Soil, Arsenic, Form, Availability

中图分类号:

X171

苗金燕, 何峰, 魏世强, 刘刚. 紫色土外源砷的形态分配与化学、生物有效性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(5): 899-902.

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