自控玻璃温室冬季气候生态特征及调控策略

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (7): 1241-1246.

自控玻璃温室冬季气候生态特征及调控策略

李军^1,2, 杨秋珍³, 罗卫红¹

1. 南京农业大学, 南京 210031;
2. 上海市气象科学研究所, 上海 200030;
3. 上海台风研究所, 上海 200030

收稿日期:2004-07-02 修回日期:2004-12-06 出版日期:2005-07-15 发布日期:2005-07-15
通讯作者: 李军,男,1963年生,高级工程师.主要从事农业生态与设施园艺气象生态和资源利用研究,发表论文40篇.Tel:(021)64386700转6641;E-mail:liyz92002@yip.163.com
基金资助:
上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(970804).

Ecological characteristics and modulate strategy of wintertime climate in self-controlled greenhouse

LI Jun^1,2, YANG Qiuzhen³, LUO Weihong ¹

1. Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 230031, China;
2. Shanghai Meteorological Institute, Shanghai 200030, China;
2. Shanghai Typhoon Institute, Shanghai 200030, China

Received:2004-07-02 Revised:2004-12-06 Online:2005-07-15 Published:2005-07-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 根据上海东海蔬菜示范基地荷兰型自控玻璃温室内监测的5年气象数据,采用数理统计方法,分析了冬季光照、温度、CO₂浓度和空气相对湿度的月际变化特征,揭示了不同天气型下适宜与不宜各级光照度持续时数、各级界限温度出现情况、CO₂欠缺量与持续时间特点、空气相对湿度变化特征,建立了白天温度、CO₂浓度、空气相对湿度与同期光照度间的统计关系式,明确了上海地区冬季温室内主要气候生态问题,并提出了调控建议.在本地区气候背景下在冬季要使温室作物获得高产,关键是要保证充足的光照;在夜间适当控制加温水平,重点提高晴天上午温度,增大昼夜温差,以增加蔬菜的净光合产物.分析结果为温室小气候的合理调控提供技术依据.

关键词: 自控玻璃温室, 冬季气候生态, 调控

Abstract: Based on the five years observation data in self-controlled greenhouse at Donghai vegetable demonstration base in Shanghai,and adopting mathematical statistics methods,this paper analyzed the monthly variation characteristics of ambient illumination,temperature and CO₂ concentration during wintertime,disclosed the persisting hours of favorable and unfavorable illumination grade under different weather conditions,appearing cases of different threshold air temperature,persisting hours and characteristics of CO₂ shortfall,and variation characteristics of air relative humidity.The correlation equations between daytime average air temperature,CO₂ concentration,relative humidity and illumination in greenhouse were set up,the main problems in self-controlled greenhouse during wintertime were pointed out,and some related modulate advises were put forward.In Shanghai area,the key points of obtaining high yields in greenhouse during wintertime should be to insure sufficient illumination,modulate air temperature at nights,raise forenoon air temperature in sunny days,and enlarge air temperature difference between daytime and night to increase net photosynthesis matters.

Key words: Self-controlled greenhouse, Wintertime climatic ecology, Modulate

中图分类号:

S162.4⁺1

李军, 杨秋珍, 罗卫红. 自控玻璃温室冬季气候生态特征及调控策略[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(7): 1241-1246.

LI Jun, YANG Qiuzhen, LUO Weihong . Ecological characteristics and modulate strategy of wintertime climate in self-controlled greenhouse[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(7): 1241-1246.

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