坡地土壤溶质迁移参数的空间变异特性

应用生态学报 ›› 2005, Vol. 16 ›› Issue (7): 1285-1289.

坡地土壤溶质迁移参数的空间变异特性

郑纪勇¹, 邵明安^1,2, 张兴昌¹, 李世清¹

1. 西北农林科技大学中国科学院水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀和旱地农业国家重点实验室, 杨凌 712100;
2. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 北京 100101

收稿日期:2004-06-28 修回日期:2004-10-18 出版日期:2005-07-15 发布日期:2005-07-15
通讯作者: 郑纪勇,男,1974年生,博士.主要从事土壤中物质迁移方面的研究.E-mail:jiyongzheng@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(G2000018605)、国家自然科学基金项目(40171063、40371076)和西北农林科技大学博士专项资助项目(05BS006).

Spatial variability of slope land soil solute transport parameters

ZHENG Jiyong¹, SHAO Mingan^1,2, ZHANG Xingchang¹, LI Shiqing ¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Northwestern Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China;
2. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100101, China

Received:2004-06-28 Revised:2004-10-18 Online:2005-07-15 Published:2005-07-15

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以氯离子为示踪离子,以41m×5m径流小区为研究区域,采用原状土柱法,通过拟合穿透曲线估计了氯离子在坡地土壤中的迁移参数,并利用经典统计学和地统计学理论分析了溶质迁移参数在坡面的空间变异特征.结果表明,平均孔隙流速从坡上到坡下有逐渐增加的趋势,属于中等程度变异,在坡面的变异具有漂移特征;弥散系数在距坡顶0～20 m范围内变化不大,20 m以下呈逐渐上升趋势,属于中等程度变异,具有空间自相关特征,其自相关特征长度为21 m;弥散度从坡上到坡下有逐渐增加的趋势,属于中等程度变异,具有空间自相关特征,其自相关特征长度为10 m.

关键词: 径流小区, 迁移参数, 空间变异

Abstract: In this paper,the transport parameters of chlorine in a slope land soil were determined in situ by fitting breaking-though curve,and the spatial variability of the parameters in a 41 m×5 m runoff plot was analyzed by using traditional and geo-statistics.The results showed that the average pore-water velocity increased gradually from the top to the bottom of the slope,and the diffusive-dispersive coefficient (D) had no remarkable variation within 20m away from the top but gradually increased with the distance beyond 20m.The dispersivity (α) had the same characteristics as D.The pore-water velocity (v) had a floating feature on the slope,while parameters D and α showed obvious spatial correlation characteristics,the range of the spatial correlation being 21m and 10m,respectively.

Key words: Runoff plot, Transport parameters, Spatial variability

中图分类号:

S153.6

郑纪勇, 邵明安, 张兴昌, 李世清. 坡地土壤溶质迁移参数的空间变异特性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(7): 1285-1289.

ZHENG Jiyong, SHAO Mingan, ZHANG Xingchang, LI Shiqing . Spatial variability of slope land soil solute transport parameters[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(7): 1285-1289.

参考文献

[1] Anderson JL, Bouma J. 1977. Water movement through pedal soils I. Saturated flow. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 41:413～418
[2] Guo X-D(郭旭东), Fu B-J(傅伯杰), Ma K-M(马克明), et al.2000. Spatial variability of soil nutrients based on geostatistics combined with GIS - A case study in Zunghua City of Hebei Province.Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报), 11(4):557～563(in Chinese)
[3] Hillet D. 1991. Research in soil physics:A review. Soil Sci, 151:30～34
[4] Hou J-R(侯景儒), Huang J-X(黄竞先). 1983.Application of Geostatistics in Calculation of the Storage of Mine. Beijing:Geology Press. 144～145(in Chinese)
[5] Hu L-J (胡良军), Shao M-A(邵明安). 2002. Review on water ecoenvironment in vegetation restoration in Loess Plateau. Chin J Appl Ecol(应用生态学报), 13(8):1045～1048(in Chinese)
[6] Jiang Y(姜勇), Zhang Y-G(张玉萍), Liang W-J(梁文举).2003. Spatial varuability of soil nutrients in cultivated surface of Sujiatun District, Shenyang City. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 14(10):1673～1676(in Chinese)
[7] Bejat L, Perfect E, Quisenberry VL, et al. 2000. Solute transport as related to soil structure in unsaturated intact soil blocks. Soil Sci Soc Am J, 64:818～826
[8] Li Y-Y(李裕元), Shao M-A(邵明安). 2003. Study on transport of phosphorus and soil degradation of loessial soil on slope land. J Soil Water Cons(水土保持学报), 17(4):1～7(in Chinese)
[9] Li Y-Z(李韵珠), Li B-G(李保国). 1998. Solute Transport in Soil.Beijing:Science Press. (in Chinese)
[10] Liu B-Z(刘秉正), Li G-L(李光录), Wu F-Q(吴发启). 1995. Soil nutrient loss in north Loess Plateau. J Soil Water Cons(水土保持学报), 9(2):77～86(in Chinese)
[11] Qin Y-D(秦耀东). 1998. Semi-variograme problems in soil spatial variability. Trans CSAE (农业工程学报), (4):42～47 (in Chinese)
[12] Stolt MH, Baker JC, Simpson TW. 1993. Soil-landscape relationships in Virginia I. Soil vsriability and parent material uniformity.Soil Sci Soc Am J, 57:414～421
[13] Trangmar BB, Yost RS, Uehara G. 1985. Application of geostatistics to spatial studies of soil properties. Adv Agron, 38:45～94
[14] Wang L(王力), Shso M-A(邵明安), Zhang Q-F(张青峰).2004. Distribution and characters of soil dry layer in north Shaanxi Loess Plateau. Chin J Appl Ecol (应用生态学报), 15 (3):436～442 (in Chinese)
[15] Warrick AW, Nielsen, DR. 1980. Spatial variability of soil physics.In:Hittel D ed. Application of Soil Physics. New York:Academic Press. 319～344
[16] Webster R, Burgess TM. 1983. Spatial variation in soil and the role of Kriging Agric. Water Man, 6:111～122
[17] Webster R. 1985. Quantitative spatial analysis of soil in the field.Adv Soil Sci, 3:1～70
[18] Webster R, Oliver MA. 1990. Statistical Methods in Soil and Land Resource Survey. New York:Oxford University Press.
[19] Zhang X-C(张兴昌), Shao M-A(邵明安). 2000. Different form s of organic nitrogen loss in soil by runoff in slope land of Loess Plateau. Trans CSAE (农业工程学报), 16 (6):47～51 (in Chinese)
[20] Zhang X-C(张兴昌), Shao M-A(邵明安). 2000. The interacting model and mechanisms of soil nutrient with rainfall and runoff.Adv Geogra Sci (地理科学进展), 19(2):128～137(in Chinese)
[21] Zheng F-L(郑粉莉), Zhang C-E(张成娥).2002. Study on sloping soil erosion processes and soil nutrient loss after forest removal. J Soil Water Cons(水土保持学报), 16(1):44～46(in Chinese)
[22] Zheng J-Y(郑纪勇), Shao M-A(邵明安), Zhang X-C(张兴昌).2004. Spatial variation of surface soil's bulk density and saturated hydraulic conductivity on a slope in the loess region. J Soil Water Cons(水土保持学报), 18(3):53～56(in Chinese)