关键词: 好氧反硝化菌, 反硝化酶, 脱氮特性, 作用机理, 异养硝化, 大屯海, 湖泊沉积物, 硅藻, 富营养化, 砷污染, 多重环境压力

Abstract: The discovery of aerobic denitrifiers is the enrichment and breakthrough of traditional denitrification theory. Owing to their unique superiority in denitrogenation, aerobic denitrifiers have become a hotspot in the study of bio-denitrogenation of waste water. Under aerobic conditions, the aerobic denitrifiers can utilize organic carbon sources for their growth, and produce N₂ from nitrate and nitrite. Most of the denitrifiers can also proceed with heterotrophic nitrification simultaneously, transforming NH₄⁺-N to gaseous nitrogen. In this paper, the denitrogenation characteristics and action mechanisms of some isolated aerobic denitrifiers were discussed from the aspects of electron theory and denitrifying enzyme system. The effects of the environmental factors DO, carbon sources, and C/N on the denitrogenation process of aerobic denitrifiers were analyzed, and the screening methods as well as the present and potential applications of aerobic denitrifiers in wastewater treatment were described and discussed.

Key words: aerobic denitrifier, denitrifying enzyme, denitrogenation characteristics, action mechanism, heterotrophic nitrification, Datun Lake, lake sediment, diatom, eutrophication, arsenic pollution, multiple environmental stressor.