关键词: 稻作方式, 物种多样性, 均匀度, 相似性, 传统农业, 贵州省从江县, 温排水, 浮游动物, &beta, 多样性, 环境因子, 广义非相似性模型(GDM)

Abstract: Taking the paddy fields planted with glutinous rice and hybrid rice in the traditional agricultural region in Congjiang County of Guizhou Province as the case, and by using semi-experiment combined with random sampling investigation, this paper studied the characteristics of weed community in the paddy fields under rice monoculture (R), rice-fish culture (R-F), and rice-fish-duck culture (R-F-D). Under the three rice farming systems, glutinous rice had higher capability in inhibiting weeds, compared with hybrid rice. Farming system R-F-D decreased the weed density significantly, with the control effect on  Monochoia vaginalis and Rotala indicabeing 100%. The overall weed-inhibiting effect of R-F-D was significantly higher than that of the other farming systems. Under R-F-D, the species richness and Shannon diversity index of weed community decreased markedly, while the Pielou evenness index increased, indicating that the species composition of weed community changed greatly, and the occurrence of native dominant weed species decreased. It was concluded that R-F-D was a feasible farming system for the control of paddy field weed community.

Key words: rice farming system, species diversity, evenness, similarity, traditional agriculture, Congjiang County of Guizhou Province, thermal discharge, zooplankton, β diversity, environmental factor, generalised dissimilarity modelling (GDM).