不同灌水量对干旱区枸杞叶片结构、光合生理参数和产量的影响

应用生态学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (11): 2806-2813.

不同灌水量对干旱区枸杞叶片结构、光合生理参数和产量的影响

郑国琦^1,2,3,张磊²,郑国保⁴,张源培⁴,王俊²,胡正海^3**

¹中国科学院-水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌 712100|²宁夏大学生命科学学院, 银川 750021|³西北大学生命科学学院, 西安 710069|⁴宁夏农业生物技术重点实验室, 银川 750002

出版日期:2010-11-18 发布日期:2010-11-18

Effects of irrigation amount on leaf structure, photosynthetic physiology, and fruit yield of Lycium barbarum in arid area.

ZHENG Guo-qi^1,2,3, ZHANG Lei², ZHENG Guo-bao⁴, ZHANG Yuan-pei⁴, WANG Jun², HU Zheng-hai³

¹State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China|²College of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China|³College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China|⁴Ningxia Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biological Technique, Yinchuan 750002, China

Online:2010-11-18 Published:2010-11-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 宁夏枸杞是我国重要的药用植物资源.为确定宁夏枸杞的适宜灌溉量，在人工控水条件下，研究了不同月灌溉定额对宁夏枸杞叶片结构、光合生理以及果实产量的影响.结果表明：月灌水定额＜900 m³·hm^-2时，随着灌水量的增加,枸杞的叶面积、叶片厚度、栅栏组织厚度和叶片结构紧密度、叶片光合速率、瞬时水分利用效率、气孔限制值和枸杞果实产量显著增加，而气孔密度和胞间CO₂浓度则呈下降趋势;月灌水定额＞900 m³·hm^-2以后，叶片胞间CO₂浓度随月灌溉定额的增加呈上升趋势, 而叶面积、气孔密度和枸杞果实产量变化不显著，其他指标均呈相反的变化趋势.枸杞叶片蒸腾速率和气孔导度值以450 m³·hm^-2处理最高，分别达8.02和324 mmol·m^-2·s^-1;其他处理均低于对照.在节水条件下，900 m³·hm^-2的月灌溉定额较适合枸杞的灌溉.

关键词: 灌水量, 宁夏枸杞, 叶片结构, 光合生理, 果实产量

Abstract: Lycium barbarum is an important traditional medicinal plant in China. Under controlled condition, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of different monthly irrigation quota on the leaf structure, photosynthetic physiology, and fruit yield of L. barbarum, aimed to determine an appropriate irrigation amount for the plant. When the monthly irrigation quota was less than 900 m³·hm^-2, the leaf area, leaf thickness, palisade tissue thickness, cell tense ratio (CTR), net photosynthetic rate (P_n), intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE), stomatal limitation value (L_s), and fruit yield of L. barbarum all increased significantly with monthly irrigation quota, while leaf stoma density and intercellular CO₂ concentration (C_i) showed a reverse trend. When the irrigation quota was more than 900 m³·hm^-2, the C_iincreased with irrigation quota, the leaf area, stoma density, and fruit yield had no obvious change, whereas the other indices showed a reverse trend. The leaf transpiration rate and G_s were the highest at irrigation quota 450 m³·hm^-2, being 8.02 and 324 mmol·m^-2·s^-1, respectively; whereas at other irrigation quota, these two indices were lower than the control. In terms of saving water, the monthly irrigation quota 900 m³·hm^-2was more appropriate for Lycium barbarum.

Key words: irrigation amount, Lycium barbarum, leaf structure, photosynthetic physiology, fruit yield

郑国琦,张磊,郑国保,张源培,王俊,胡正海. 不同灌水量对干旱区枸杞叶片结构、光合生理参数和产量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(11): 2806-2813.

[1]	王思琪, 周广胜, 周梦子, 吕晓敏, 周莉, 汲玉河. 增温背景下克氏针茅枯黄期物候对降水响应的光合生理机制 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(3): 845-852.
[2]	张秀, 朱文美, 董述鑫, 初金鹏, 费立伟, 郑飞娜, 代兴龙, 贺明荣. 灌水量与密度互作对冬小麦籽粒产量和水分利用效率的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(1): 163-174.
[3]	范玉莲, 马长明, 牟洪香, 刘炳响, 王进茂, 连亚妮, 武鹏飞, 王晓. 107杨光合生理与树干液流对外源染液导入的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(5): 1511-1517.
[4]	杜澜, 夏捷, 李海花, 吴炜, 陈亮, 张玮, 陈胜, 谢锦忠. 逐步失水过程中绿竹光响应进程及其拟合 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(6): 2011-2020.
[5]	王英, 张富仓, 王海东, 毕丽霏, 程铭慧, 严富来, 范军亮, 向友珍. 滴灌频率和灌水量对榆林沙土马铃薯产量、品质和水分利用效率的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(12): 4159-4168.
[6]	孟艳, 孙晓涵, 郑宾, 王良, 李增嘉, 李耕, 宁堂原. 有机物沟埋还田模式与花后灌水量对玉米光合特性和产量的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(8): 2541-2550.
[7]	王叶, 张国林, 阳树英, 邹冬生, 肖润林, 朱寒阳, 王浩. 生境对茶叶品质和产量影响的光合生理机制 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(11): 3596-3606.
[8]	侯媛, 刘旻霞, 孙辉荣. 青藏高原东缘亚高寒草甸植物叶性状对微生境变化的响应 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(1): 71-79.
[9]	张俊华, 郑国琦. 宁夏枸杞根际土壤线虫群落特征 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2016, 27(5): 1647-1656.
[10]	赵旭1**,刘艳芝2,李天来3,孙周平3. 根际CO₂浓度富集对番茄光合生理的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(7): 2069-2073.
[11]	方栋平1,张富仓1，2**,李静1,王海东1,向友珍1,张燕1. 灌水量和滴灌施肥方式对温室黄瓜产量和品质的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2015, 26(6): 1735-1742.
[12]	马慧丽1,吕德国2**. 光照条件对‘寒富’苹果叶片结构和光合特性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(7): 1927-1932.
[13]	杨启良1**,张京1,刘小刚1,袁理春2,刘艳伟1,杨具瑞1. 灌水量对小桐子形态特征和水分利用的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(5): 1335-1339.
[14]	罗凡1,2,张厅2,龚雪蛟2,杜晓1**,马伟伟2. 不同施肥方式对茶树新梢氮磷钾含量及光合生理的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(12): 3499-3506.
[15]	王强1,2,金则新2**,彭礼琼2,3. 氮沉降对乌药幼苗生理生态特性的影响 [J]. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(10): 2766-2772.