关键词: 植物叶片, 最大滞尘量, 接触角, 表面自由能, 灌溉, 氮肥, 农田, 微生物群落, 微型动物

Abstract: Taking 21 representative urban greening species in Xi’an as test objects, their leaf dust-capturing capability was determined by artificial dust-deposition method, and the relationships between the dust-capturing capability and leaf surface features, e.g., trichomes, wettability, surface free energy and its polar and dispersive components on dust-capturing capability were studied. For the tested 21 species, their maximum leaf dustcapturing capability was 0.8-38.6 g·m^-2, and there was a significant difference among them, with the greatest variation up to forty times. The amount, distribution, and morphology of trichomes had great influence on the leaf dust-capturing capability, possibly due to the different action patterns between trichomes and particulate matters. There was a significant negative relationship between leaf contact angle and maximum leaf dust-capturing capability (r=-0.523), except for four species whose leaf surface has trichomes. For wettable leaves, their maximum dust-capturing capacity ranged from 2.0 to 8.0 g·m^-2, but for nonwettable leaves, their maximum dust-capturing capacity was below 2.0 g·m^-2. The leaf surface free energy was mainly manifested in the action of dispersive component, while the contribution of polar free energy was lower than 20%, which could be related to the existence of non-polar or weakly polar substances on leaf surface. The leaf surface free energy and its dispersive component had a significant positive correlation (r=0.500, 0.572) with the maximum leaf dust-capturing capability, but the positive correlation between polar free energy and maximum dust-capturing capability was not significant (r=0.244).

Key words: plant leaf, maximum dust-capturing capability, contact angle, surface free energy, irrigation, nitrogen, paddy field, microbial community, microfauna.