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应用生态学报 ›› 2010, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (12): 3147-3153.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

控释肥料与普通氮肥混施对春白菜产量、品质和氮素损失的影响

杨俊刚1,徐 凯2,佟二健2,曹 兵1**,倪小会1,许俊香1   

  1. 1北京市农林科学院植物营养与资源研究所,北京 100097;2北京市房山区农业科学研究所,北京 100015
  • 出版日期:2010-12-18 发布日期:2010-12-18

Effects of applying controlled-release fertilizer blended with conventional nitrogen fertilizer on Chinese cabbage yield and quality as well as nitrogen losses.

YANG Jun-gang1, XU Kai2, TONG Er-jian2, CAO Bing1, NI Xiao-hui1, XUJun-xiang1   

  1. 1Institute of Plant Nutrition and Resource, Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forest Science, Beijing 100097, China;2Fangshan Institute of Agricultural Science, Beijing 100015, China
  • Online:2010-12-18 Published:2010-12-18

摘要: 在京郊露地生产条件下,研究了控释肥料与速效化肥混配施用对春白菜产量、品质、氨挥发、土壤硝态氮累积和淋失的影响.结果表明:与习惯施肥处理(施N 300 kg·hm-2)相比,控释肥料与普通化肥按纯氮比2∶1混配施用(共施N 150 kg·hm-2)没有造成白菜减产,并显著降低了菜叶中硝酸盐和有机酸含量;与半量施肥处理(施N 150 kg·hm-2)相比,控释肥与化肥混施处理产量和叶片硝酸盐含量无显著差异.控释肥与化肥混施处理提高了白菜氮肥利用率,减少了N3-N淋失量和氨挥发总量.白菜收获后,控释肥与化肥混施处理在20~40、60~80、80~100 cm土层的NO3--N含量显著低于习惯施肥处理.

关键词: 春白菜, 控释肥料, 氨挥发, 土壤NO3--N, 滴灌, 甜菜, 水分亏缺, 生理特性

Abstract: An open field experiment was conducted to study the effects of applying controlled-release fertilizer blended with rapidly available chemical N fertilizer on Chinese cabbage yield and quality as well as nitrogen losses, including ammonia volatilization and NO3--N accumulation and leaching in Beijing suburb. The results showed that a combined application of 2:1 controlled-release fertilizer and urea fertilizer (total N rate 150 kg·hm-2) did not induce the reduction of Chinese cabbage yield, and decreased the leaf nitrate and organic acid contents significantly, compared with conventional urea N application (300 kg·hm-2), and had no significant difference in the cabbage yield and leaf nitrate content, compared with applying 150 kg·hm-2 of urea N. The combined application of 2:1 controlledrelease fertilizer and urea fertilizer improved the N use efficiency of Chinese cabbage, and reduced the ammonia volatilization and NO3--N leaching. At harvest, the NO3--N concentrations in 20-40, 60-80 and 80-100 cm soil layers were significantly lower in the combined application treatment than in urea N treatment.

Key words: spring Chinese cabbage, controlled-release fertilizer, ammonia volatilization, soil nitrate