关键词: 长期施肥管理, 水稻, 温室气体排放, 静态箱法, 糖原, 脂肪, 蛋白质, 能量代谢, 爆发游泳速度, 临界游泳速度

Abstract: This study intended to investigate the greenhouse gases emission from Japan single cropping paddy fields after 75-year continuous application of ammonium sulfate, composted rice straw with soybean cake, and fresh clover, as well as the environmental impact of the emission. During this long period, field management remained constant in terms of rice cultivation density, irrigation, and equivalent net N fertilization. No significant differences were observed in N₂Oemission among the fertilization treatments, but the CH₄emission differed significantly between organic amendment and ammonium sulfate application, indicating that long-term organic fertilization didn’t increase N₂O emission but promoted CH₄emission. The cumulative global warming potential (GWP) of the CH₄and N₂Ofrom the paddy ecosystem was the greatest (310.7 g CO₂e·m^-2) under fresh clover application, followed by composted rice straw plus soybean cake addition (151 g CO₂e·m^-2), and the least (60.6 g CO₂e·m^-2) under ammonium sulfate application. This study showed that for paddy system, it was CH₄ instead of N₂Othe major factor affecting global warming, and thereby,to control and reduce the CH₄ emission from paddy system would be the core in mitigating greenhouse gases emission from paddy field. Long-term consecutive application of composted rice straw plus soybean cake could increase soil organic matter, improve soil fertility, promote rice high-yielding, and as well, mitigate CH₄ emission, being the recommendable paddy rice production mode in practice.

Key words: long-term fertilization management, rice, greenhouse gases emission, closed-chamber method, glycogen, lipid, protein, energy metabolism, burst swimming speed, critical swimming speed.