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应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (08): 2171-2177.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

黄芩产量和黄芩苷含量对氮磷钾肥料的响应

曹鲜艳1,徐福利2,王渭玲1**,王静1,黄淑华1,张晓虎3   

  1. (1西北农林科技大学生命科学学院, 陕西杨凌 712100; 2西北农林科技大学中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100; 3商洛学院生物医药工程系/中国中医科学院, 陕西商洛 726000)
  • 出版日期:2012-08-18 发布日期:2012-08-18

Responses of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi yield and root baicalin content to the fertilization rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.

CAO Xian-yan1, XU Fu-li2, WANG Wei-ling1, WANG Jing1, HUANG Shu-hua1, ZHANG Xiao-hu3   

  1. (1College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; 2Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resource, Northwest A & F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; 3Department of Biomedical Engineering, Shangluo University/Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shangluo 726000, Shaanxi, China).
  • Online:2012-08-18 Published:2012-08-18

摘要: 通过田间试验,采用氮、磷、钾三因素二次饱和D-最优设计施肥方案,于收获期计算黄芩产量和根中黄芩苷含量,建立以氮、磷、钾施用量为自变量,黄芩产量和根中黄芩苷含量为目标函数的三元二次多项式数学模型,通过对模型进行解析、寻优获得最适施肥量.结果表明:氮、磷对黄芩产量有显著影响,在低水平施肥条件下,产量随施肥量的增加而增大,一定范围后,增效不明显;氮、磷、钾对黄芩苷含量均有显著影响,黄芩苷含量随氮、钾施用量增加呈先降低再增高的趋势,在低水平施磷条件下,黄芩苷含量随磷肥施用量增加而增加,最终趋于稳定.氮磷、氮钾、磷钾对黄芩产量和黄芩苷含量存在明显的交互作用.本试验条件下,黄芩产量超过4000 kg·hm-2、根中黄芩苷含量14%以上的施肥方案为氮(N)90.5~104.7 kg·hm-2、磷(P2O5)163.9~199.9 kg·hm-2、钾(K2O)84.1~140.8 kg·hm-2,比例约为1∶1.86∶1.15.

Abstract: A field experiment with three-factor (N, P, and K) and quadratic saturation D-optimal design was conducted to evaluate the effects of the fertilization rates of N, P, and K on the yield and root baicalin content of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi at harvesting time. A ternary quadratic polynomial mathematical model was built, in which, the N, P, and K fertilization rates were independent variables, and the yield and root baicalin content were the target functions. Through the analysis of the model, the optimum fertilization pattern was obtained. The results showed that the fertilization rates of N and P had significant effects on the yield of S. baicalensis. Under low  fertilization level, the yield increased with increasing N and P fertilization rates; after exceeding definite fertilization range, no obvious effects were observed. N, P, and K fertilization all had significant effects on the root baicalin content. With increasing fertilization rates of N and K, the root baicalin content rates decreased after an initial increase. Under low  fertilization level, the root baicalin content increased with increasing P fertilization rate first, and kept stable then. There existed interactive effects between the fertilization rates of N and P, N and K, and P and K on the yield and root baicalin content of S. baicalensis. Under our experimental conditions, the optimum fertilization model for obtaining over 4000 kg·hm-2 of S. baicalensis yield and >14% of root baicalin content was 90.5-1047 kg·hm-2 of N, 163.9-199.9 kg·hm-2 of P2O5, and 84.1-140.8 kg·hm-2 of K2O, with an N:P2O5:K2O ratio of approximately 1:1.86:1.15.