寒地春玉米生长发育及产量对花前夜间增温的响应

应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (09): 2483-2488.

寒地春玉米生长发育及产量对花前夜间增温的响应

钱春荣^1,2,于洋²,赵杨²,宫秀杰²,姜宇博²,王俊河²,杨忠良³,张卫建^1,4**

(¹南京农业大学应用生态研究所, 南京 210095; ²黑龙江省农业科学院耕作栽培研究所, 哈尔滨 150086; ³黑龙江省农业科学院五常水稻研究所, 黑龙江五常 150229; ⁴中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部作物生理生态重点实验室, 北京 100081)

出版日期:2012-09-18 发布日期:2012-09-18

Responses of spring corn growth and yield in a cold area of China to field warming at nighttime during preanthesis stage.

QIAN Chun-rong^1,2, YU Yang², ZHAO Yang², GONG Xiu-jie², JIANG Yu-bo², WANG Jun-he², YANG Zhong-liang³, ZHANG Weijian^1,4

(¹Institute of Applied Ecology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; ²Institute of Farming and Cultivation, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China; ³Rice Institute of Wuchang, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuchang 150229, Heilongjiang, China; ⁴Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Beijing 100081, China)

Online:2012-09-18 Published:2012-09-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用田间开放式夜间增温试验方法，研究雨养农区寒地春玉米生长发育及产量对花前夜间增温的响应.结果表明：夜间增温条件下，0～10 cm耕层土壤夜间温度升高1.7 ℃，土壤水分略有下降；夜间增温使春玉米物候期明显提前，花前生育期缩短1 d，花后生育期延长1 d；夜间增温明显促进春玉米幼苗生长，提高根系长度，单株绿叶面积和棒三叶面积分别比对照提高13.5%和14.6%；与对照相比,春玉米地上生物量和籽粒产量分别显著增高8.2%和9.3%，百粒重显著增高7.1%.东北地区气候变暖尤其是日最低温度升高对春玉米的直接影响效应可能以增产为主.

Abstract: By using the facility for increasing free air temperature, a field experiment was conducted in a cold area of Northeast China to study the responses of the growth and yield of rain-fed spring corn to the field warming at nighttime during pre-anthesis stage. Under the field warming at nighttime, the nighttime temperature in 0-10 cm soil layer increased by 1.7 ℃, and the soil moisture content had a slight decrease. Nighttime warming advanced the spring corn phenophases obviously, shorted the pre-anthesis phase by 1 day, and prolonged the post-anthesis phase by 1 day. Nighttime warming also promoted the corn seedlings growth and the root length. Comparing with those in un-warming treatment, green leaf area and threeear-leave area in nighttime warming treatment increased by 13.5% and 14.6%, and the aboveground biomass, grain yield, and 100-grain mass increased significantly by 8.2%, 9.3%, and 7.1%, respectively. It was suggested that the climate warming (especially the nighttime warming) in Northeast China could improve spring corn growth, and directly affect the corn yield.

钱春荣1,2,于洋2,赵杨2,宫秀杰2,姜宇博2,王俊河2,杨忠良3,张卫建1,4**. 寒地春玉米生长发育及产量对花前夜间增温的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2012, 23(09): 2483-2488.

QIAN Chun-rong1,2, YU Yang2, ZHAO Yang2, GONG Xiu-jie2, JIANG Yu-bo2, WANG Jun-he2, YANG Zhong-liang3, ZHANG Weijian1,4. Responses of spring corn growth and yield in a cold area of China to field warming at nighttime during preanthesis stage.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2012, 23(09): 2483-2488.