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外置式与内置式秸秆生物反应堆对番茄生长及光合性能的影响

卞中华1,2,3,王玉1,胡晓辉1,邹志荣1**,张静1,燕飞1   

  1. (1西北农林科技大学园艺学院, 陕西杨凌 712100; 2中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所, 北京 100081; 3农业部设施农业节能与废弃物处理重点实验室, 北京 100081)
  • 出版日期:2013-03-18 发布日期:2013-03-18

Effects of outer type and built-in type straw bio-reactors on tomato growth and photosynthetic performance.

BIAN Zhong-hua1,2,3, WANG Yu1 , HU Xiao-hui1, ZOU Zhi-rong1, ZHANG Jing1, YAN Fei1   

  1. (1College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China; 2Institute of  Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 3Key Lab for Energy Saving and Waste Disposal of Protected Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 10008, China)
  • Online:2013-03-18 Published:2013-03-18

摘要:

以“魁冠108”番茄为试验材料,对比研究了外置式和内置式秸秆生物反应堆在秋延后番茄生产过程中对日光温室内CO2浓度、空气相对湿度、空气饱和水汽压差以及番茄生长和光合性能的影响.结果表明:与对照相比,晴天9:30—11:30和14:30—15:00 外置式秸秆生物反应堆温室内CO2浓度平均提高了207.3和103 μmol·mol-1,差异显著;晴天9:30-11:30内置式秸秆生物反应堆温室内CO2浓度平均提高了19.0 μmol·mol-1;外置式和内置式秸秆生物反应堆促进了番茄株高生长,使植株提早开花,显著提高了番茄净光合速率、单株产量及单位面积产量,显著降低了营养生长期和结果期的蒸腾速率.与内置式相比,外置式秸秆生物反应堆更适合在日光温室秋延后生产中推广应用.
 

Abstract: Taking the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivar “Kuiguan108” as test object, a comparative study was made on the effects of outer type and built-in type straw bio-reactors on the CO2 concentration, air relative humidity , air vapor pressure deficit in the solar greenhouse during the tomato growth over autumn-delayed cultivation as well as the effects of the bio-reactors on the tomato growth and photosynthetic performance. As compared with that in CK, the average CO2 concentration in the greenhouse with outer type straw bio-reactor at 9:30-11:30 and 14:30-15:00 on sunny days was increased significantly by 207.3 and 103 μmol·mol-1, respectively, and the average CO2 concentration in the greenhouse with built-in straw bio-reactor at 9:30-11:30 on sunny days was raised by 19.0 μmol·mol-1. Both the outer type and the built-in type straw bio-reactors promoted the tomato plant height growth and early flowering, enhanced the plant net photosynthetic rate  and the yield per plant and per unit area significantly, and decreased the plant transpiration rate at the stages of vegetative growth and fruit bearing significantly. Nevertheless, as compared with built-in type straw bio-reactor, outer type straw bio-reactor was more suitable for the autumn- delayed cultivation of tomato in solar greenhouse.