不同灌溉量对小麦-玉米轮作农田生态系统净碳汇的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201701.004

应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1): 169-179.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201701.004

不同灌溉量对小麦-玉米轮作农田生态系统净碳汇的影响

刘晶晶^1,2, 张阿凤^2,3, 冯浩^1,2,4*, 邹小阳⁴, 陈海心^2,5

¹西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院, 陕西杨凌 712100
²西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院, 陕西杨凌 712100
³西北农林科技大学资源环境学院, 陕西杨凌 712100
⁴中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100
⁵西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌 712100

收稿日期:2016-05-12 修回日期:2016-10-21 发布日期:2017-01-18
通讯作者: *E-mail:nercwsi@vip.sina.com
作者简介:刘晶晶,女,1991年生,硕士研究生.主要从事水土资源高效利用研究.E-mail:717240336@qq.com
基金资助:
本文由国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2013AA102904)、国家自然科学基金项目(41301305)和西北农林科技大学基本科研业务费专项(2014YB062,2452015355)资助

Influences of different irrigation amounts on carbon sequestration in wheat-maize rotation system

LIU Jing-jing^1,2, ZHANG A-feng^2,3, FENG Hao^1,2,4*, ZOU Xiao-yang⁴, CHEN Hai-xin^2,5

¹College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
²Chinese National Academy of Water-saving Agriculture in Arid Region, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
³College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
⁴Institute of Water and Soil Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
⁵Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China

Received:2016-05-12 Revised:2016-10-21 Published:2017-01-18
Contact: *E-mail:nercwsi@vip.sina.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2013AA102904), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41301305), and the Special Funds of the Scientific Research Project of Northwest A＆F University, China (2014YB062, 2452015355)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 灌溉对农田温室效应与碳足迹贡献产生重要影响.本文采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对关中平原小麦-玉米轮作(2014—2015年)农田温室气体(CO₂、CH₄和N₂O)排放通量进行了监测,并用净增温潜势(NGWP)和碳足迹两个指标评估不同灌溉量对关中平原农田温室效应、作物生产碳足迹的分布和构成的影响.试验在作物关键需水期(冬小麦越冬期和拔节期、夏玉米出苗期和拔节期)设置W₀(0 mm)、W₁₂₀(120 mm)、W₁₈₀(180 mm)、W₂₄₀(240 mm)4个处理.结果表明: 与W₀处理相比,W₁₂₀、W₁₈₀、W₂₄₀处理下小麦产量分别增加了31.3%、44.3%、33.7%,玉米产量分别增加了9.9%、22.6%、33.8%; CO₂的年际排放总量分别增加了22.2%、24.3%、15.1%,N₂O的年际排放总量分别增加了18.6%、67.8%、91.5%,但CH₄的年际吸收总量分别降低了51.7%、79.6%、97.8%;NGWP分别增加了20.1%、31.6%、31.4%.W₁₂₀处理下碳足迹较W₀处理降低了19.1%,但W₁₈₀、W₂₄₀处理与W₀处理相比无显著性差异;W₁₂₀、W₂₄₀处理单位产量碳足迹较W₀处理分别增加了44.5%、23.3%,而W₁₈₀处理与W₀处理无显著性差异.综合考虑不同灌溉量的经济效应和环境效应,180 mm的灌水量更有利于关中平原小麦-玉米轮作系统的节水及固碳减排.

Abstract: Irrigation can influence greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and carbon footprint in agricultural production. In this study, annual GHG emissions (including CO₂, CH₄, and N₂O) were monitored with static opaque chamber and gas chromatography from a wheat-maize rotation system under different irrigation treatments in the Guanzhong Plain of China during 2014-2015. A total of four different irrigation treatments were conducted, e.g. W₀, W₁₂₀, W₁₈₀, and W₂₄₀, where the subscripts represented the irrigation amounts in mm. Net global warming potential (NGWP) and carbon footprint were used to evaluate the influence of different irrigation amounts on GHG emission and composition of carbon footprint of crop production. Compared with treatment W₀, wheat yield of treatments W₁₂₀, W₁₈₀, and W₂₄₀ increased by 31.3%, 44.3% and 33.7%, while corn yield increased by 9.9%, 22.6%, and 33.8%, respectively. Similarly, annual CO₂ emission increased by 22.2%, 24.3% and 15.1% and annual N₂O emission by 18.6%, 67.8%, and 91.5%, respectively, while annual CH₄ absorption decreased by 51.7%, 79.6% and 97.8%, respectively. The values of NGWP increased by 20.1%, 31.6%, and 31.4%, respectively. The carbon footprint of treatment W₁₂₀ was 19.1% lower than that of W₀, while W₁₈₀ and W₂₄₀ showed no significant difference. Treatments W₁₂₀ and W₂₄₀ increased carbon footprint per unit crop yield by 44.5% and 23.3%, respectively, while W₁₈₀ showed no significant difference. Considering both the economic and environmental effects of different irrigation amounts, we recommend the irrigating amount of 180 mm for the wheat-maize rotation system in the Guanzhong Plain of China for the purposes of water saving and carbon sequestration.

刘晶晶, 张阿凤, 冯浩, 邹小阳, 陈海心. 不同灌溉量对小麦-玉米轮作农田生态系统净碳汇的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2017, 28(1): 169-179.

LIU Jing-jing, ZHANG A-feng, FENG Hao, ZOU Xiao-yang, CHEN Hai-xin. Influences of different irrigation amounts on carbon sequestration in wheat-maize rotation system[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2017, 28(1): 169-179.

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不同灌溉量对小麦-玉米轮作农田生态系统净碳汇的影响

Influences of different irrigation amounts on carbon sequestration in wheat-maize rotation system

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