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应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (1): 37-46.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201701.029

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木兰围场天然次生林优势种群的结构与动态

陈倩1,2, 杨晔1,2, 史琛媛1,2, 徐学华1,2*   

  1. 1河北农业大学林学院, 河北保定 071000
    2河北省林木种质资源与森林保护重点实验室, 河北保定 071000
  • 收稿日期:2016-07-06 修回日期:2016-11-02 发布日期:2017-01-18
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail:xuehuaxu2001@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈倩,女,1992年生,硕士研究生.主要从事森林生态学研究.E-mail:1032073213@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家林业局林业公益行业科研专项(201404214)和河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN20131154)资助

Dominant species population structure and dynamics of natural secondary forest in Mulan-weichang, China

CHEN Qian1,2, YANG Ye1,2, SHI Chen-yuan1,2, XU Xue-hua1,2*   

  1. 1College of Forestry, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
    2Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources of Forest and Forest Protection of Hebei Province, Baoding 071000, Hebei, China
  • Received:2016-07-06 Revised:2016-11-02 Published:2017-01-18
  • Contact: *E-mail:xuehuaxu2001@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Forestry Public Welfare Project of State Forestry Administration (201404214) and the Science and Technology Research Project of Hebei Province (QN20131154)

摘要: 为了阐明木兰围场天然次生林优势种群的结构和动态特征,对群落乔木层组成以及优势种群的径级结构、静态生命表、存活曲线、死亡曲线、生存函数和时间序列预测等进行研究.结果表明: 群落乔木层有9个种群,其中,五角枫、蒙古栎、糠椴和白桦种群为群落的优势种群;五角枫和糠椴种群存活曲线接近于Deevey-Ⅱ型,蒙古栎种群存活曲线趋于Deevey-Ⅲ型,白桦种群存活曲线为Deevey-Ⅱ型;随着径级的增加,各优势种群的死亡率和消失率曲线呈现相似的变化趋势,五角枫、蒙古栎、糠椴种群的消失率和死亡率分别在Ⅳ、Ⅰ和Ⅰ径级下出现最大值,而白桦种群在各径级呈现稳定的变化趋势;4种生存函数曲线分析表明,五角枫、蒙古栎和糠椴种群具有前期锐减、中后期相对稳定的特点;白桦种群数量波动不明显,具有较稳定的特点.种群数量的时间序列预测表明,白桦种群小径级(Ⅰ~Ⅱ级)个体数量逐渐减少,种群未来有趋于衰退的趋势,五角枫、蒙古栎和糠椴种群趋于相对稳定.推测该次生林将逐步演替为以五角枫、蒙古栎和糠椴为主要树种的天然次生林.

Abstract: To explicate the structure and dynamics of dominant tree populations of the natural se-condary forest in Mulanweichang, the canopy stratum composition, diameter class structure, static life table, survival curve, mortality curve, survival function and the time series prediction were studied. The results showed that there were 9 populations in canopy stratum, with Acer mono, Quercus mongolica, Tilia mandshurica and Betula platyphylla as the dominant populations. The survival curve of A. mono and T. mandshurica populations approximately belonged to Deevey-Ⅱ type, while that of Q. mongolica population and B. platyphylla population belonged to Deevey-Ⅲ type and Deevey-Ⅱ type, respectively. With the increase of diameter class, the mortality rate curves and the vanishing rate curves of all tree populations changed similarly. The maximum mortality rate and va-nishing rate of A. mono, Q. mongolica and T. mandshurica populations appeared in Ⅳ,ⅠandⅠdiameter class, respectively. B. platyphylla changed little over all diameter classes. The 4 survival functions showed that A. mono, Q. mongolica and T. mandshurica populations declined at early stage, but became relatively stable at intermediate and late stages. The B. platyphylla population had no obvious change. The time series prediction showed that the number of small-sized (Ⅰ-Ⅱ) individuals of B. platyphylla decreased gradually and tended to decline, while the populations of A. mono, Q. mongolica and T. mandshurica were fairly stable. We suspected that A. mono, Q. mongo-lica and T. mandshurica would finally dominate within this natural secondary forest.