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应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (10): 3314-3322.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201710.039

• 目录 • 上一篇    下一篇

新型木霉氨基酸有机肥研制及其对番茄的促生效果

刘秋梅,陈兴,孟晓慧,叶奇,李托,刘东阳,沈其荣   

  1. 南京农业大学江苏省固体有机废弃物资源化高技术研究重点实验室/江苏省有机固体废弃物资源化协同创新中心, 南京 210095
  • 收稿日期:2017-02-10 修回日期:2017-07-22 出版日期:2017-10-18 发布日期:2017-10-18
  • 作者简介:刘秋梅,女,1991年生,博士研究生.主要从事农业废弃物资源化利用研究.E-mail:2016203055@njau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    本文由国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(2015CB150506)和江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20150059) 资助

Development of a new type of biological organic fertilizer and its effect on the growth promotion of tomato.

LIU Qiu-mei, CHEN Xing, MENG Xiao-hui, YE Qi, LI Tuo, LIU Dong-yang*, SHEN Qi-rong   

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Organic Solid Waste Utilization/Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
  • Received:2017-02-10 Revised:2017-07-22 Online:2017-10-18 Published:2017-10-18
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the Natio-nal Key Basic Research Project of China (2015CB150506) and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20150059).

摘要: 为提高贵州木霉NJAU4742固体发酵产孢能力,本研究拟用稻草秸秆和氨基酸水解液为原料进行固体发酵获得高分生孢子含量的固体菌种,将该固体菌种添加到含有不同比例氨基酸水解液的有机肥中进行二次发酵研制新型生物有机肥,并利用盆栽试验研究该生物有机肥对番茄的促生作用.结果表明: 在利用稀释30倍的氨基酸水解液浸泡秸秆过夜后调节秸秆为初始pH 3.5、75%含水量、30%玉米粉添加量的条件下,贵州木霉NJAU4742所产分生孢子数量高达2.40×1010 CFU·g-1.接种2%固体木霉菌种于含有20%氨基酸水解液的腐熟有机肥后,该处理中木霉活菌数和吲哚乙酸(IAA)含量均达到最高,分别为6.40×109 CFU·g-1和38.66 mg·kg-1,与对照相比分别增加了1142.30和1.42倍.盆栽试验表明,木霉氨基酸生物有机肥(AT)与氨基酸有机肥(AA)处理跟对照(CK)相比株高分别增加了98.8%和23.8%,茎粗分别增加了58.9%和10.3%,叶绿素、叶长、叶宽等指标也显著增加.利用稻草秸秆和氨基酸水解液进行浅盘固体发酵生产木霉分生孢子,克服了工厂化生产固体木霉菌种的瓶颈,以此制备的新型木霉氨基酸有机肥(AT)与等养分的氨基酸有机肥(AA)和对照(CK)处理相比,对番茄的促生效果显著,在集约化农业生产中具有良好的应用前景.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to improve the ability of sporulation production of Trichoderma guizhouense NJAU4742 under solid-state fermentation by using rice straw and amino acids as resources, and the fermentation products were used as inoculants of the organic fertilizers adding with different ratios of amino acids solution to develop a new type of biological organic fertilizer. The results indicated that the optimal condition for sporulation by T. guizhouense NJAU4742 was soaking in 30 times diluted amino acid solution for one whole night, with initial pH 3.5, 75% of moisture content and 30% of corn powder, under which the sporulation reached to 2.40×1010 CFU·g-1. The fermentation products were inoculated at 2% into the mature organic fertilizer containing 20% of amino acids solution, and the sporulation and IAA content were 6.40×109 CFU·g-1 and 38.66 mg·kg-1, which were 1142.30 and 1.42 times higher than that of CK after 7 days, respectively. Pot experiment showed that biological organic fertilizer could significantly promote the growth of tomato, and the height of the tomato increased by 98.8% and 23.8%, respectively, compared with CK. The stem diameters of AT (amino acids + mature organic fertilizer + T. guizhouense NJAU4742) and AA (amino acids + mature organic fertilizer) were increased by 58.9% and 10.3%, respectively, compared with CK. As for the chlorophyll, leaf length and leaf width, the values also increased significantly. The highest spore content was obtained by using amino acids and rice straw as substrates under solid-state fermentation (SSF), which overcame the difficulties of producing new type of biological organic fertilizer during the large-scale industrial production. Biological organic fertilizer and amino acids organic fertilizer could significantly promote the growth of tomato compared with the chemical fertilizer, and had a good application prospect in intensive agriculture.