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应用生态学报 ›› 2017, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (4): 1121-1127.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201704.034

• 目次 • 上一篇    下一篇

恢复方式和地形对晋西黄土区退耕林分物种多样性的影响

武文娟1, 查同刚1,2*, 张志强2   

  1. 1北京林业大学水土保持学院, 北京 100083
    2林业生态工程教育部工程中心, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2016-07-19 出版日期:2017-04-18 发布日期:2017-04-18
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: zhtg73@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:武文娟,女,1992年生,硕士研究生.主要从事土壤退化与生态恢复研究.E-mail:1164427515@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD07B030303)资助

Effects of revegetation approach and terrain on plant species diversity as a result of converting croplands to forests in the Loess region of western Shanxi Province, China

WU Wen-juan1, ZHA Tong-gang1,2*, ZHANG Zhi-qiang2   

  1. 1School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    2Ministry of Education Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2016-07-19 Online:2017-04-18 Published:2017-04-18
  • Contact: * E-mail: zhtg73@bjfu.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Science and Technology Supporting Plan (2015BAD07B030303)

摘要: 运用样带样方调查法,对比不同恢复方式和地形条件下退耕林分的物种多样性,以期为晋西黄土区植被恢复效果评价和经营管理提供参考.结果表明: 恢复方式对退耕林分物种多样性具有显著影响.自然恢复林物种数为刺槐人工林的 1.6倍,Shannon 指数大于刺槐人工林,Pielou 指数小于刺槐人工林.物种多样性受坡位影响显著,各指数均表现为沟底>沟坡>梁峁坡>梁峁顶;坡向对退耕林分物种多样性影响不显著,各指数均表现为阴坡>阳坡.物种多样性受地形和恢复方式综合作用影响显著,在自然恢复林阴坡沟底处最高,物种均匀度在刺槐人工林阴坡沟底处最高.从提高物种多样性角度,黄土区植被恢复在遵循适地适树原则的同时,应参照自然恢复林分,在不同地形部位采用不同的造林设计.

Abstract: The plant species diversity of stands converted from croplands as affected by revegetation approaches and terrains was studied using the transect line plot sampling. The goal of the study was to provide reference for evaluation reforestation effects and forest management in the Loess region of western Shanxi Province. The results showed that revegetation approach had a great influence on plant species diversity in stands. The number of species in the natural restoration forest (NF) was 1.6 times of that of Robinia pseudoacacia plantation (RP), the Shannon index of NF was higher, and the Pielou index of NF was lower. Slope position had significant effect on the species diversity, and the three species diversity indices were all in order of bottom of loess gully > middle slope of loess gully > slope of loess hill > top of loess hill. The species diversity indices on the shady slope were higher than those on the sunny slope, while the difference was not significant. Integrated effects of terrain and revegetation approach had significant influences on species diversity. The species diversity was highest at the bottom of shady slope of NF, and the species evenness was highest at the bottom of shady slope of RP. For improving the species diversity, the afforestation design in the Loess area must consider terrain position and the natural forest recovery process following the principle of ‘selecting suitable tree species for the right site’.