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应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (12): 4239-4247.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201812.037

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

CO2浓度升高对水体硝化、反硝化作用的影响研究进展

施曼1,2,张维国1,李江叶1,严少华1,高岩1*   

  1. 1江苏省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 南京 210014;
    2南京林业大学林学院, 南京 210037
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-26 修回日期:2018-09-13 出版日期:2018-12-20 发布日期:2018-12-20
  • 作者简介:施 曼, 女, 1990年生, 博士研究生. 主要从事水体碳氮循环与植物资源利用. E-mail: shiman1031@126.com
  • 基金资助:

    本文由国家自然科学基金项目(41571458,41471415,31600419)资助

Influence of elevated CO2 on nitrification and denitrification in water bodies: A review

SHI Man1,2, ZHANG Wei-guo1, LI Jiang-ye1, YAN Shao-hua1, GAO Yan1*   

  1. 1Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing 210014, China;
    2College of Forestry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
  • Received:2018-03-26 Revised:2018-09-13 Online:2018-12-20 Published:2018-12-20
  • Supported by:

    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41571458, 41471415, 31600419).
    2018-03-26 Received, 2018-09-13 Accepted

摘要: 大气CO2浓度升高潜移默化地影响着水体生态系统的碳循环过程.然而,该过程如何影响与其耦合的氮循环过程仍不明确.水体硝化、反硝化过程作为水体氮循环的重要环节,必然会对大气CO2浓度升高产生一系列的响应.本文总结了国内外关于大气CO2浓度升高对水体理化性质、硝化作用、反硝化作用及N形态转化影响方面的研究工作,发现大气CO2浓度升高会降低水体的pH,增加水中CO2和HCO3-含量,但对富营养化与寡营养化水体中硝化、反硝化作用的影响具有明显差异.大气CO2浓度升高抑制寡营养化水体的硝化作用和反硝化作用,降低N2O的释放通量,抑制富营养化水体的硝化作用,但当水体pH在7~9时,可能促进反硝化作用,增加N2O的释放通量,最终可能导致水体中NH4+的积累及NO3-浓度的降低,影响水体中微生物的多样性.在此基础上提出目前相关研究存在的瓶颈问题及值得深入探讨的科学问题,为进一步深入理解温室效应背景下全球CO2浓度升高对水体生态系统N循环的影响提供参考.

Abstract: Elevated atmospheric CO2 has imperceptible impacts on carbon cycle in aquatic ecosystems. However, it remains a question how this process will impact nitrogen cycle that is naturally coupled with carbon cycle. The nitrification and denitrification are two critical processes in the nitrogen cycle. It is reasonable to expect that elevated atmospheric CO2 will influence both processes. We reviewed the previous literatures concerning the effects of elevated atmospheric CO2 on the physico-chemical properties, nitrification, denitrification and nitrogen transformation in water bodies. The published results revealed that the elevated CO2 would reduce the water pH, increase CO2 and HCO3- concentrations, but with different effects on the nitrification and denitrification between eutrophic and oligotrophic water. Elevated atmospheric CO2 could inhibit nitrification and denitrification in oligotrophic water, thereby reduce N2O flux from water. The nitrification process in the eutrophic water bodies was also inhibited, but its denitrification might be promoted by the elevated CO2. In the eutrophic water bodies, there could be an increase of N2O flux when pH was maintained in the range of 7-9. These might eventually result in the accumulation of NH4+ and reduction of NO3- in water, producing an impact on the microbial diversity. Based on these reviews, we proposed some research gaps related to the relevant research fields as well as some scientific questions that is worth to be further explored. This review would be helpful to better understanding on how the greenhouse effect caused by the elevated atmospheric CO2 would affect nitrogen cycle in aquatic ecosystem.