耐冬山茶对不同光照和水分的生理生态学响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201804.005

应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 1125-1132.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201804.005

耐冬山茶对不同光照和水分的生理生态学响应

刘翠菊, 郭霄, 王奎玲, 刘庆超, 孙迎坤, 姜新强, 刘庆华^*

青岛农业大学园林与林学院, 山东青岛 266109;

收稿日期:2017-09-27 出版日期:2018-04-18 发布日期:2018-04-18
通讯作者: * E-mail: lqh6205@163.com
作者简介:刘翠菊, 女, 1991年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事园林植物栽培与应用研究. E-mail: 18353231202@163.com
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31500264)、山东省农业良种工程重大课题项目(LKZ201496-1-3)和青岛市民生科技计划(农业)项目(14-2-3-36-nsh)资助

Ecophysiological responses of Camellia japonica (Naidong) to different light and water conditions

LIU Cui-ju, GUO Xiao, WANG Kui-ling, LIU Qing-chao, SUN Ying-kun, JIANG Xin-qiang, LIU Qing-hua^*

College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, Shandong, China;

Received:2017-09-27 Online:2018-04-18 Published:2018-04-18
Contact: * E-mail: lqh6205@163.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31500264), the Shandong Provincial Agricultural Elite Varieties Project (LKZ201496-1-3) and the Minsheng Science and Technology Project of Qingdao (Agriculture) (14-2-3-36-nsh).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 耐冬山茶作为第三纪孑遗植物,是山茶自然分布最北缘的种群,具有丰富的形态特征与独特的遗传特性.以野生耐冬山茶幼苗为对象,设置2个光照梯度(全光照的65%、15%)、3个干旱梯度(田间持水量的75%、50%、25%),研究耐冬山茶在不同光照、水分条件下生理生态学响应机制, 验证现存的4个理论假设是否能够解释耐冬山茶幼苗对遮荫与干旱的响应.结果表明: 15%全光照限制了耐冬山茶幼苗的生长.与65%全光照相比,15%全光照使叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和叶绿素含量下降,最大降幅分别为63.3%、82.9%和17.5%,显著提高了叶片的比叶面积、叶片含水量和PSⅡ最大光化学效率,最大分别提高了60.3%、8.3%和6.4%.干旱抑制耐冬山茶的生长,使株高、基径下降.随着干旱胁迫的加重,植株叶片的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度显著降低,最小值分别为0.83 μmol·m^-2·s^-1、0.30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1和11.56 mmol·m^-2·s^-1.随干旱胁迫的加重,过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶含量总体呈下降趋势,而丙二醛和脯氨酸含量显著上升.15%全光照缓解了干旱对耐冬山茶幼苗的消极影响,遮荫与干旱对耐冬山茶幼苗的交互作用符合“促进理论”.耐冬山茶幼苗能够通过多种调节机制适应环境变化,且能适应较大的光照和水分范围.此外,通过改善耐冬山茶生长的光照和水分条件,为其提供理想的生长环境,可以扩大其园林应用.

Abstract: Camellia japonica (Naidong), a Tertiary relict species with abundant morphological characteristics and special genetic characteristics, is the northernmost distributed population of C. japonica. The seedlings of Naidong were subjected to two light regimes (65%, 15% of full sunlight, respectively) and three water supply regimes (75%, 50% and 25% of field capacity, respectively). Our objectives were to reveal the ecophysiological responses of Naidong under different drought and shade conditions and to examine the four existing hypotheses explaining the responses of Naidong seedlings to the interactions of shade and drought. The results showed that 15% of full sunlight reduced the growth of seedlings. Compared with those under 65% of full sunlight condition, the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and chlorophyll content of seedlings under 15% of full sunlight condition were decreased by 63.3%, 82.9% and 17.5%, respectively. In contrast, the specific leaf area, leaf water content and maximal quantum yield under 15% of full sunlight condition were enhanced by 60.3%, 8.3% and 6.4%, respectively. Drought limited the growth of seedlings,decreased their height and basal diameter. The net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of seedlings significantly decreased with the increases of drought stress, with their minimum values being 0.83 μmol·m^-2·s^-1, 0.30 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 and 11.56 mmol·m^-2·s^-1, respectively. With the increases of drought stress, the contents of peroxidase and catalase showed a general declining trend, but the contents of malondialdehyde and proline significantly increased. The treatment 15% of full sunlight alleviated the negative effects of drought on Naidong seedlings, which supported the above-ground facilitation hypothesis. Our results indicated that Naidong seedlings could respond and acclimate to environmental changes through various mechanisms, and the seedlings might normally grow under broad ranges of light and water stresses. In addition, providing ideal light and water conditions for the Naidong seedlings could facilitate its application in gardening.

刘翠菊, 郭霄, 王奎玲, 刘庆超, 孙迎坤, 姜新强, 刘庆华. 耐冬山茶对不同光照和水分的生理生态学响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(4): 1125-1132.

LIU Cui-ju, GUO Xiao, WANG Kui-ling, LIU Qing-chao, SUN Ying-kun, JIANG Xin-qiang, LIU Qing-hua. Ecophysiological responses of Camellia japonica (Naidong) to different light and water conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(4): 1125-1132.

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耐冬山茶对不同光照和水分的生理生态学响应

Ecophysiological responses of Camellia japonica (Naidong) to different light and water conditions

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