渭北旱作麦田长期保护性耕作土壤肥力特征综合评价

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201809.030

应用生态学报 ›› 2018, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (9): 2925-2934.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201809.030

渭北旱作麦田长期保护性耕作土壤肥力特征综合评价

王倩¹, 李军^1*, 宁芳¹, 孙磊^2,3, 温鹏飞¹

¹西北农林科技大学农学院, 陕西杨凌 712100;
²西北农林科技大学林学院, 陕西杨凌 712100;
³菏泽学院农业与生物工程学院, 山东菏泽 274015

收稿日期:2017-12-28 出版日期:2018-09-20 发布日期:2018-09-20
通讯作者: E-mail:junli@nwsuaf.edu.cn
作者简介:王倩,女,1992年生,硕士研究生. 主要从事高效农作制度研究. E-mail: unusualqian@126.com
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31571620)、国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD22B02)、国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2013AA102902)和国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503116)资助

Comprehensive assessment of soil fertility characteristics under different long-term conservation tillages of wheat field in Weibei Highland, China.

WANG Qian¹, LI Jun^1*, NING Fang¹, SUN Lei^2,3, WEN Peng-fei¹

¹College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
²Collegeof Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;³ College of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Heze University, Heze 274015, Shandong, China.

Received:2017-12-28 Online:2018-09-20 Published:2018-09-20
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571620), the National Science and Technology Support Program (2015BAD22B02), the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (2013AA102902), and the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China (201503116).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以渭北旱作麦田10年长期定位试验4种土壤物理指标和7种化学指标组成的土壤肥力性质为评价指标,研究长期实施6种保护性耕作处理后11种土壤指标的累积效应,并运用主成分分析对不同耕作处理下土壤肥力的累积效果进行综合评分,以期为渭北旱塬土壤可持续利用和管理提供科学依据.结果表明: 与传统连续翻耕(CT/CT)比较,免耕与深松轮耕(NT/ST)、深松与翻耕轮耕(ST/CT)、翻耕与免耕轮耕(CT/NT)处理土壤容重分别降低了6.6%、5.9%、6.6%,连续免耕(NT/NT)与连续翻耕差异不明显.>0.25 mm力稳性团聚体含量以NT/NT最高,水稳性团聚体含量以NT/ST最高.与传统翻耕相比,5种耕作处理力稳性团聚体增加了1.7%～10.1%,土壤有机质增加了0.6%～11.2%,氮、磷、钾含量也均有提高.通过主成分分析将11种土壤指标分为两个主成分综合表征土壤质量,第1主成分的贡献率为75.5%,在其上有较高载荷的指标为土壤有机质、水稳性团聚体、全氮、全磷、全钾、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾含量,容重、孔隙度,第2主成分的贡献率为13.2%,力稳性团聚体在其上有较高载荷,两者共解释了88.6%的原变量.长期不同耕作效果逐渐累加形成的土壤肥力水平依次表现为:NT/ST>ST/CT>CT/NT>NT/NT>ST/ST>CT/CT,NT/ST处理形成了一个相对平衡和较高肥力质量的土壤状况,为渭北旱作麦田最适宜的轮耕模式.

Abstract: Soil fertility properties described by four physical indices and seven chemical indices in the 10-year long-term experiment of wheat fields in Weibei Highland were used to investigate the cumulative effect of 11 soil indices under six long-term conservation tillage treatments. The principal component analysis was performed to comprehensively evaluate the cumulative effect of soil fertility under different tillage treatments, so as to provide scientific basis for soil sustainable utilization and management in Weibei Highland. The results showed that, compared with continuous conventional tillage (CT/CT), soil bulk density by no-tillage/subsoiling rotational tillage (NT/ST), subsoiling/conventional tillage rotational tillage (ST/CT) and conventional tillage/no-tillage rotational tillage (CT/NT) decreased by 6.6%, 5.9% and 6.6%, respectively, and no significant difference was found between continuous no-tillage (NT/NT) and CT/CT. NT/NT had the highest content of >0.25 mm mechanical stable aggregate, and no-tillage/subsoiling rotational tillage (NT/ST) had the highest content of >0.25 mm water stable aggregate. Compared with CT/CT, the mechanical stable aggregate contents under other five tillage treatments increased by 1.7%-10.1%, soil organic matter increased by 0.6%-11.2%, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents also increased. By principal component analysis, 11 soil indices were divided into two principal components to comprehensively characterize soil quality. The contribution rate of the first principal component was 75.5%, where the major contributors were soil organic matter, water stable aggregate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, alkaline hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, bulk density and soil porosity. The contribution rate of the second principal component was 13.2%, where the major contributor was mechanical stable aggregate. Together, those two principal components accounted for 88.6% of the original variables. The soil fertility performance was in the sequence of NT/ST>ST/CT>CT/NT>NT/NT>ST/ST>CT/CT after gradually accumulating the effects of long-term conservation tillage. NT/ST was the most appropriate tillage patterns for the wheat fields in Weibei Highland, due to the resulting balanced and high-quality soil environment.

王倩, 李军, 宁芳, 孙磊, 温鹏飞. 渭北旱作麦田长期保护性耕作土壤肥力特征综合评价[J]. 应用生态学报, 2018, 29(9): 2925-2934.

WANG Qian, LI Jun, NING Fang, SUN Lei, WEN Peng-fei. Comprehensive assessment of soil fertility characteristics under different long-term conservation tillages of wheat field in Weibei Highland, China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2018, 29(9): 2925-2934.

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渭北旱作麦田长期保护性耕作土壤肥力特征综合评价

Comprehensive assessment of soil fertility characteristics under different long-term conservation tillages of wheat field in Weibei Highland, China.

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