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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (2): 456-462.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201902.021

• 中国生态学学会2018年学术年会会议专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同水旱复种轮作方式对稻田土壤有机碳及其组分的影响

杨滨娟,孙丹平,张颖睿,钟川,黄国勤*   

  1. 江西农业大学农学院/江西农业大学生态科学研究中心, 南昌 330045
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-26 修回日期:2018-09-10 出版日期:2019-02-20 发布日期:2019-02-20
  • 通讯作者: E-mail:hgqjxes@sina.com
  • 作者简介:杨滨娟,女,1985年生,博士.主要从事耕作制度与农业生态研究.E-mail:yangbinjuan27@sina.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300208)和国家科技支撑计划项目 (2012BAD14B14)资助

Effects of different paddy-upland multiple cropping rotation systems on soil organic carbon and its fractions in paddy field.

YANG Bin-juan, SUN Dan-ping, ZHANG Ying-rui, ZHONG Chuan, HUANG Guo-qin*   

  1. Research Center on Ecological Science, College of Agronomy, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
  • Received:2018-03-26 Revised:2018-09-10 Online:2019-02-20 Published:2019-02-20
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300208) and the National Key Technology Research and Development Program of China (2012BAD14B14).

摘要: 通过连续2年的田间试验,研究不同水旱复种轮作方式对土壤有机碳及其组分的影响.结果表明: 稻田2年水旱复种轮作后的土壤总有机碳(TOC)呈现先升高后下降的趋势,易氧化有机碳(ROC)分蘖期最高、成熟期最低,土壤微生物生物量碳(SMBC)在分蘖期最高,可溶性有机碳(DOC)则在成熟期达到最高.土壤TOC的差异变化最大值和最小值分别出现在孕穗期和成熟期,ROC出现在返青期和孕穗期,DOC出现在成熟期和返青期,SMBC出现在分蘖期和返青期.“冬闲-早稻-晚稻→冬闲-早稻-晚稻”的土壤TOC、DOC变化幅度最大,“紫云英-早稻-晚稻→油菜-花生-晚稻”的土壤ROC变化幅度最大,“蔬菜-花生/玉米-晚稻→紫云英-早稻-晚稻”模式的SMBC变化幅度最大.“马铃薯-玉米/大豆-晚稻→蔬菜-花生/玉米-晚稻”在孕穗期的TOC含量较高;“紫云英-早稻-晚稻→油菜-花生-晚稻”能在晚稻生长的前期和中期积累较多的土壤ROC;“油菜-花生-晚稻→马铃薯-玉米/大豆-晚稻”在返青期和成熟期的土壤DOC含量较高,在孕穗期和抽穗期的SMBC较高.土壤各有机碳及其组分的大小关系为:TOC>ROC>SMBC>DOC.可见在当地土壤肥力条件下,水旱复种轮作方式能提高土壤有机碳及其组分的含量,有利于改善土壤质量,提高土壤肥力.

关键词: 土壤微生物生物量碳, 稻田, 水旱复种轮作, 土壤有机碳

Abstract: The variations of soil organic carbon and its fractions in different paddy-upland multiple cropping rotation systems were evaluated in field trials in two consecutive years. During paddy-upland multiple cropping rotations conducted over 2 years, the content of soil total organic carbon (TOC) first increased and then decreased. The content of readily oxidized organic carbon (ROC) was highest at the rice tillering stage and lowest at the mature stage. The soil microbial biomass carbon (SMBC) was highest at the tillering stage. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) content was highest at the mature stage. The maximum and minimum differences were at the booting stage and mature stage for TOC content, at the greening stage and booting stage for ROC content, at the mature stage and the greening stage for DOC content, at the tillering stage and the greening stage for SMBC, respectively. The soil TOC and DOC contents showed the largest variations in the ‘winter fallow-early rice-late rice → winter fallow-early rice-late rice’ rotation. The soil ROC content showed the largest variation in the ‘milk vetch-early rice-late rice → rape-peanut-late rice’ rotation. The maximum variation of SMBC was in the ‘vegetables-peanut/corn-late rice → milk vetch-early rice-late rice’ rotation. The ‘potato-maize/soybean-late rice → vegetables-peanut/corn-late rice’ rotation resulted in higher soil TOC content at the booting stage. The pattern of ‘milk vetch-early rice-late rice → oil rape-peanut-late rice’ led to higher soil ROC contents in the early and middle growth stages of late rice. In the ‘rape-peanut-late rice → potato-maize/soybean-late rice’ rotation, the highest DOC contents were at the greening stage and the mature stage, and the highest SMBC were at the booting stage and the heading stage, respectively. All these diffe-rences were significant. The rank the contents of soil organic carbon fractions from highest to lowest followed the order: TOC>ROC>SMBC>DOC. The results suggested that paddy-upland multiple cropping rotation systems could increase the contents of soil organic carbon and its fractions and improve soil quality and fertility.

Key words: soil organic carbon, paddy field, paddy-upland multiple cropping rotation systems, soil microbial biomass carbon