杨树人工林根际古菌群落随细根生长的演变

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201903.034

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 研究细根不同生长时期根际土壤古菌群落组成结构差异,对深入了解林木细根与土壤微生物互作关系具有重要理论意义.依据细根表面颜色,采集杨树一级细根不同生长时期(白色新生根、黄色成熟根、褐色衰老根)根际土壤并提取微生物总DNA,采用特异性引物对古菌16S rDNA V4-V5区进行扩增,利用Illumina MiSeq平台进行古菌高通量测序分析.结果表明: 新生根和衰老根根际土壤古菌群落操作分类单元(OTU)丰富度相似,而成熟根根际土壤古菌群落OTU数量较少.新生根和成熟根根际土壤共同含有134个OTU;成熟根和衰老根根际土壤共同含有87个OTU,新生根和衰老根根际土壤共同拥有90个OTU.α多样性分析表明,成熟根根际土壤古菌群落Chao1指数和ACE指数显著低于新生根和衰老根根际土壤,而衰老根根际土壤古菌群落Simpson指数和Shannon指数显著低于新生根和成熟根根际土壤.PERMANOVA分析表明,新生根和衰老根根际土壤古菌群落组成有显著差异.物种注释显示,杨树根际土壤共包含12个古菌属,其中新生根5个、成熟根10个、衰老根6个.β多样性指数表明,杨树根际土壤古菌群落相似度随着细根的生长逐渐下降,不同生长阶段细根根际土壤的古菌群落结构有较大差异.其中,占绝对优势的古菌为氨氧化古菌Candidatus_Nitrososphaera,其相对丰度超过70%.且随细根生长发育,该类古菌在根际土壤中的丰度呈现上升趋势,表明其可能与细根的生长发育关系密切.

关键词: 根际土壤, 高通量测序, 杨树人工林, 细根生长, 古菌群落

Abstract: The archaeal community structure in the rhizosphere soils might change with root growth, which is of great importance for understanding the interaction between roots and microbes. According to root colors, three groups of rhizosphere soils from first-order fine roots of poplar trees (Populus × euramericana) were sampled, including rhizosphere soils surrounding newly born roots (white color, WR), mature roots (yellow color, YR) and aged roots (brown color, BR). Total microbial DNA was extracted from the soils associated with poplar fine roots. The specific primers were used to amplify the 16S rDNA V4-V5 region of soil archaea, and the Illumina MiSeq platform was used for high-throughput sequencing analysis. The results showed that the observed OTU (operational taxonomic unit) abundance of archaeal community in WR and BR rhizosphere soils were similar, while the OTU abundance in YR rhizosphere soil were lower. The WR and BR shared 134 OTUs of archea, the YR and BR shared 87 OTUs, and the WR and BR shared 90 OTUs. The Chao1 index and the ACE index of archaeal community in YR rhizosphere soil were significantly lower than those of WR and BR, while the Simpson index and the Shannon index of BR were significantly lower than WR to YR. Results from the PERMANOVA analysis showed that archaeal community compositions in WR and BR rhizosphere soils were significantly different. Species annotation showed that there were 12 genera of archea in three rhizosphere soils, five genera in WR, 10 genera in YR, and six genera in BR, respectively. The similarity of the archaeal community composition in poplar rhizosphere soils gradually decreased from WR to BR, with large differences among different growth stages of fine roots. The dominant genus was Candidatus_Nitrososphaera, with a relative abundance of more than 70%, indicating this archaea group might be closely related to poplar fine roots development.

Key words: rhizosphere soil, archaeal community, high-throughput sequencing, fine root growth, poplar plantation

朱启良, 刘洪凯, 陈旭, 董玉峰, 王延平. 杨树人工林根际古菌群落随细根生长的演变[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(3): 849-856.

ZHU Qi-liang, LIU Hong-kai, CHEN Xu, DONG Yu-feng, WANG Yan-ping. Archaeal community succession with fine root growth in poplar plantation[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(3): 849-856.

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