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应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 182-188.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202001.024

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钨酸钠对苹果幼苗15N吸收利用、13C积累及果实品质的影响

王芬, 岳玉金, 李敏, 罗家坤, 葛顺峰, 姜远茂*   

  1. 山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室, 山东泰安 271018
  • 收稿日期:2019-03-07 出版日期:2020-01-15 发布日期:2020-01-15
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: ymjiang@sdau.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王 芬, 女, 1992年生, 博士研究生。主要从事苹果氮素营养研究。E-mail: 757086004@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201100)、国家自然科学基金项目(31501713)、国家现代农业产业技术体系建设资金项目(CARS-27)和山东省泰山学者攀登计划

Effects of Na2WO4 on 15N absorption and utilization,13C accumulation of apple seedling, and fruit quality

WANG Fen, YUE Yu-jin, LI Min, LUO Jia-kun, GE Shun-feng, JIANG Yuan-mao*   

  1. College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/ State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China
  • Received:2019-03-07 Online:2020-01-15 Published:2020-01-15
  • Contact: E-mail: ymjiang@sdau.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0201100), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31501713), the China Modern Agriculture Industry System Construction Foundation (CARS-27) and the Taishan Scholar Assistance Program of Shandong Province.

摘要: 分别以1年生苹果砧木M9T337幼苗和5年生烟富3/SH6/平邑甜茶为试材,开展盆栽和田间试验,并结合15N、13C同位素示踪技术,研究不同浓度(0、0.5、1、1.5 mmol·L-1,分别用CK、T1、T2和T3表示)硝酸还原酶(NR)抑制剂钨酸钠对苹果幼苗15N吸收利用、13C积累和成熟期果实品质的影响。结果表明: 盆栽试验中,喷施0.5~1.0 mmol·L-1钨酸钠可显著抑制幼苗地上部生长,但对根系生长影响不显著;当钨酸钠浓度达到1.5 mmol·L-1时可显著抑制根系生长。同一时期各处理叶片NR活性与钨酸钠浓度呈负相关,均表现为CK>T1>T2>T3。随处理时间的延长,叶片硝态氮含量总体表现为先升高后降低的趋势,同一时期各处理硝态氮含量与钨酸钠浓度呈正相关,均表现为T3>T2>T1>CK。喷施钨酸钠可不同程度地降低幼苗各器官15N吸收量和15N利用率,且钨酸钠浓度越高,抑制幼苗氮素吸收和利用的效果越显著。随钨酸钠浓度的提高,地上部13C积累量呈先升高后降低的趋势,在T2处理时达到最高;幼苗整株13C积累量呈相似的规律。田间试验结果表明,喷施钨酸钠可降低成熟期叶片和果实的氮含量,果皮花青苷含量、果实可溶性固形物、可溶性糖含量和糖酸比均不同程度提高,其中T2处理的效果最好。综上,T2处理(1.0 mmol·L-1钨酸钠)可有效抑制幼苗地上部生长,降低15N吸收利用,提高13C积累,有利于果实品质的提高。

Abstract: Pot culture and field experiments were carried out with one-year-old apple rootstock M9T337 seedlings and five-year-old ‘Yanfu3’/SH6/M. hupehensis Rehd. as test materials respectively. Combined with 15N and 13C isotope tracer technology, we examined the effects of different concentrations of NR inhibitor Na2WO4(0, 0.5, 1, 1.5 mmol·L-1, expressed by CK, T1, T2 and T3 respectively) on 15N absorption and 13C accumulation of seedling and apple quality. The results showed that 0.5-1.0 mmol·L-1 Na2WO4 significantly inhibited shoot growth but not root growth of seedling in the pot experiment. Root growth was significantly inhibited when the concentration of Na2WO4 reached 1.5 mmol·L-1. The NR activity of each treatment was negatively correlated with the concentrations of Na2WO4 in the same period, with an order of CK>T1>T2>T3. The content of nitrate in leaves showed the trend of first rising and then decreasing with the extension of processing time. Nitrate content was positively correlated with Na2WO4 concentration in the same period, with an order of T3>T2>T1>CK. Spraying Na2WO4 reduced the 15N absorption of each organ and 15N utilization rate, with such effects increasing with the amount of spraying. With the increases of Na2WO4 concentration, 13C accumulation on the ground increased first and then decreased, with highest value in T2 treatment. The 13C accumulation of whole plant showed a similar pattern. The results of field experiment showed that Na2WO4 application reduced nitrogen contents of leaves and fruits at maturity stage, and increased the anthocyanin content in peel, soluble solids, soluble sugar content and sugar acid ratio in fruits. The T2 treatment showed the best effect. In summary, T2 treatment (1.0 mmol·L-1 Na2WO4) could inhibit shoot growth of seedlings, reduce 15N absorption and utilization, improve 13C accumulation, which would improve apple quality.