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应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 3395-3403.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202010.010

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

白音华矿区草地群落主要物种组成及空间分布

春风, 包钢*, 张卫青, 赛西雅拉图   

  1. 内蒙古师范大学地理科学学院, 呼和浩特 010022
  • 收稿日期:2020-06-11 接受日期:2020-07-29 出版日期:2020-10-15 发布日期:2021-04-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: baogang20080808@126.com
  • 作者简介:春 风, 女, 1981年生, 博士研究生。主要从事草地生态学和遥感研究。E-mail: chunfeng07@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2018MS04010)、国家自然科学基金项目(41561009)、国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0109100)和国家科技支撑项目(2013BAK05B01)资助

Composition and spatial distribution of main species in grassland community of Baiyinhua mining area, China

CHUN Feng, BAO Gang*, ZHANG Wei-qing, SAI Xiyalatu   

  1. College of Geographical Science, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, China
  • Received:2020-06-11 Accepted:2020-07-29 Online:2020-10-15 Published:2021-04-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: baogang20080808@126.com
  • Supported by:
    Inner Mongolia Natural Science Foundation (2018MS04010), the National Natural Science Foundation (41561009), the National K&D Program of China (2017YFE0109100), and the National Science and Technology Support Project (2013BAK05B01).

摘要: 以内蒙古白音华矿区周边草地为对象,研究了矿区草地植物群落的主要物种组成及其空间分布特征。结果表明: 草地群落共出现55种植物,优势种为大针茅、黄囊苔草和糙隐子草,常见种有羊草、冰草和知母等,该6个物种的累计相对重要值为79.6%,其密度分别为 26.6、204.7、105.4、107.1、68.2和55.1株·m-2。对6个主要物种的种群密度通过半方差函数进行模型拟合, 其种群分布分别符合指数模型、指数模型、指数模型、球状模型、线性模型和高斯模型;对其空间分布格局进行分析,各种群的结构比分别为59.2%、97.2%、89.1%、94.5%、62.6%和72.1%,表明黄囊苔草、糙隐子草和羊草种群的空间自相关性程度均较高, 主要受结构性因素影响, 而大针茅、冰草和知母种群主要受随机性因素影响。对分形维数进行分析发现, 大针茅、黄囊苔草、糙隐子草和冰草种群分布格局较简单,空间依赖性较强,而羊草和知母种群分布格局较复杂,空间依赖性较弱,结合2D及3D图看, 大针茅和知母呈现出梯度扩散,而黄囊苔草、糙隐子草、羊草和冰草则主要呈现斑块化分布,表明矿区草地群落主要物种的空间分布与开矿无显著关联性。

关键词: 矿区, 草地群落, 空间分布

Abstract: We analyzed composition and spatial distribution of main species in the surrounding grassland of Baiyinhua mining area in Inner Mongolia. The results showed that there were 55 plant species in the grassland, with dominant species being Stipa grandis, Carex korshinskyi, and Cleistogenes squarrosa, and common species being Leymus chinensis, Agropyron cristatum, and Anemarrhena asphodeloides. The accumulative relative importance value of those six species was 79.6%, with their densities being 26.6, 204.7, 105.4, 107.1, 68.2 and 55.1 individuals·m-2, respectively. The population density of those six species was modeled by the semi-variance function. The population distribution was in accordance with the exponential model, exponential model, exponential model, spherical model, linear model and Gaussian model, respectively. Through analyzing the spatial distribution pattern, structure ratios were 59.2%, 97.2%, 89.1%, 94.5%, 62.6% and 72.1%, respectively. The spatial autocorrelation of C. korshinskyi, C. squarrosa and L. chinensis populations was mainly affected by structural factors, whereas S. grandis, A. cristatum and A. asphodeloides were mainly affected by random factors. According to results from the fractal dimension analysis, population distribution patterns of S. grandis, C. korshinskyi, C. squarrosa and A. cristatum were simple, and the spatial dependence was strong. Both L. chinensis and A. asphodeloides showed contrasting patterns with those four species. From 2D and 3D images, S. grandis and A. asphodeloides showed gradient diffusion, while C. korshinskyi, C. squarrosa, L. chinensis and A. cristatum showed patch distribution. The results showed that the spatial distribution of the main species in this grassland community did not correlate with mining.

Key words: mine, grassland community, spatial distribution