旱地红壤反硝化功能基因丰度对长期施肥的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.024

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 3729-3736.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202011.024

旱地红壤反硝化功能基因丰度对长期施肥的响应

宛颂^1,2, 段春健^1,2, 樊剑波³, 叶桂萍⁴, 王全成^1,2, 贺纪正^1,2, 林永新^1,2*

¹福建师范大学湿润亚热带山地生态国家重点实验室培育基地, 福州 350007;
²福建师范大学地理科学学院, 福州 350007;
³中国科学院南京土壤研究所, 南京 210008;
⁴闽江学院海洋研究院, 福州 350108

收稿日期:2020-06-08 接受日期:2020-08-23 出版日期:2020-11-15 发布日期:2021-06-10
通讯作者: * E-mail: yxlin@fjnu.edu.cn
作者简介:宛颂, 男, 1995年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事土壤微生物生态学研究。E-mail: wansong2020@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(41930756,41807048)和中国博士后科学基金项目(2019T120474)资助

Responses of denitrifying functional gene abundance to long-term fertilization regimes in an upland Ultisol

WAN Song^1,2, DUAN Chun-jian^1,2, FAN Jian-bo³, YE Gui-ping⁴, WANG Quan-cheng^1,2, HE Ji-zheng^1,2, LIN Yong-xin^1,2*

¹Cultivation Base of State Key Laboratory for Subtropical Mountain Ecology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China;
²School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China;
³Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;
⁴Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, China

Received:2020-06-08 Accepted:2020-08-23 Online:2020-11-15 Published:2021-06-10
Contact: * E-mail: yxlin@fjnu.edu.cn
Supported by:
the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41930756, 41807048) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2019T120474).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 农田施肥会影响土壤微生物驱动的氮素转化和氧化亚氮(N₂O)排放。基于32年的长期肥料定位试验,研究了旱地红壤反硝化功能基因(nirS、nirK、nosZ I和nosZ II)对不同长期施肥处理的响应及其关键影响因素。试验包括6个处理,分别为不施肥(CK)、单施化肥、化肥+花生秸秆、化肥+水稻秸秆、化肥+萝卜菜和化肥+猪粪。结果表明: 与单施化肥相比,化肥和有机物料配施可以有效缓解红壤酸化、提高土壤有机碳含量,其中以化肥和猪粪配施的效果最好。长期施肥对nirK基因丰度没有显著影响,但显著影响nirS基因丰度;与CK相比,长期单施化肥可显著增加nirS基因丰度,增幅达426%,但与单施化肥相比,化肥和有机物料配施降低了nirS基因丰度。旱地红壤中nosZ I基因丰度远高于nosZ II基因丰度,表明nosZ I在酸性红壤中占主导地位;长期施肥对nosZ II基因丰度没有显著影响。但长期施用化肥+猪粪显著提高了nosZ I基因丰度,增幅为138%。逐步回归分析表明,有效磷含量是影响nosZ I基因丰度的关键环境因子,而nosZ II基因丰度则主要受硝态氮含量的影响。化肥和猪粪配施处理的(nirS+nirK)/(nosZ I+nosZ II)值最低,表明化肥和猪粪配施可能会降低旱地红壤的N₂O排放能力。

关键词: 红壤, 长期施肥, 反硝化微生物, nosZ I, nosZ II

Abstract: Fertilization affects soil nitrogen cycling and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions, which are mainly driven by microbes. A 32-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of chemical fertilizers and their combination with organic materials on the abundance of denitrifying functional genes (nirS, nirK, nosZ I and nosZ II) in Ultisol. The treatments comprised no fertilizer (CK), chemical fertilizer, chemical fertilizer+peanut straw, chemical fertilizer+rice straw, chemical fertilizer+radish and chemical fertilizer+pig manure. Compared with the single chemical fertilizer treatment, soil pH and organic carbon content increased in the chemical fertilizer plus organic material treatments, with chemical fertilizer+pig manure having the strongest effect. Long-term fertilization did not affect the abundance of nirK gene, but significantly altered the nirS gene abundance. Compared to CK, long-term chemical fertilizer application increased the abundance of nirS gene by 426%. However, partial replacement of chemical fertilizer by organic materials decreased the abundance of nirS gene. The abundance of nosZ I gene was one order of magnitude higher than that of nosZ II, indicating the domination of nosZ I in the acidic Ultisol. Long-term fertilization did not affect the abundance of nosZ II, whereas chemical fertilizer+pig manure increased the abundance of nosZ I by 138%. Results of stepwise regression analysis showed that available phosphorus content was the primary factor regulating the abundance of nosZ I gene, whereas the abundance of the nosZ II gene was mainly regulated by nitrate content. Moreover, the lowest (nirS+nirK)/(nosZ I+nosZ II) value in the chemical fertilizer+pig manure treatment indicated that long-term manure application might reduce N₂O emission potential in Ultisols.

Key words: Ultisols, long-term fertilization, denitrifiers, nosZ I, nosZ II

宛颂, 段春健, 樊剑波, 叶桂萍, 王全成, 贺纪正, 林永新. 旱地红壤反硝化功能基因丰度对长期施肥的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(11): 3729-3736.

WAN Song, DUAN Chun-jian, FAN Jian-bo, YE Gui-ping, WANG Quan-cheng, HE Ji-zheng, LIN Yong-xin. Responses of denitrifying functional gene abundance to long-term fertilization regimes in an upland Ultisol[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(11): 3729-3736.

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旱地红壤反硝化功能基因丰度对长期施肥的响应

Responses of denitrifying functional gene abundance to long-term fertilization regimes in an upland Ultisol

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