金沙江干热河谷典型林草地植物根系对土壤优先流的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202003.013

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 725-734.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202003.013

金沙江干热河谷典型林草地植物根系对土壤优先流的影响

邵一敏¹, 赵洋毅^1,2*, 段旭³, 王克勤^1,2, 陈婷婷¹, 万艳萍¹

¹西南林业大学生态与环境学院, 昆明 650224;
²国家林业和草原局云南玉溪森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 昆明 650224;
³西南林业大学林学院, 昆明 650224

收稿日期:2019-10-19 出版日期:2020-03-15 发布日期:2020-03-15
通讯作者: E-mail: zhaoyangyi@swfu.edu.cn
作者简介:邵一敏, 女, 1995年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事水土保持研究。E-mail: 2993609034@qq.com
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31860235,31560233)、云南省教育厅研究生基金项目(2019Y0139)、云南省重点研发计划项目(2018BB018)、国家林草局林业科技创新平台运行补助项目(2019132161)和云南省自然生态监测网络监测项目(2019-YN-13)资助

Effects of plant roots on soil preferential flow in typical forest and grassland in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River, China

SHAO Yi-min¹, ZHAO Yang-yi^1,2*, DUAN Xu³, WANG Ke-qin^1,2, CHEN Ting-ting¹, WAN Yan-ping¹

¹College of Ecology and Environment, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
²Yuxi Forestry Ecosystem Research Station, National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Kunming 650224, China;
³College of Forestry, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

Received:2019-10-19 Online:2020-03-15 Published:2020-03-15
Contact: E-mail: zhaoyangyi@swfu.edu.cn
Supported by:
This was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31860235, 31560233), the Yunnan Province Education Department Graduate Fund Project (2019Y0139), the Yunnan Provincial Key R&D Plan Project (2018BB018), the National Forestry and Grass Bureau Forestry Science and Technology Innovation Platform Operation Grant Project (2019132161) and the Yunnan Provincial Natural Ecological Monitoring Network Monitoring Project (2019-YN-13)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了明确土壤优先流形态特征以及植物根系对其形成的影响,以金沙江干热河谷元谋县苴那小流域典型植被类型银合欢人工林地和扭黄茅荒草地为研究对象,基于染色示踪法并结合Photoshop CS5和Image-Pro Plus 6.0图像处理技术,分析了2种植被下的土壤优先流形态特征和分布特征,并探究了植物根系对其的影响。结果表明: 林地和荒草地的土壤优先流染色面积具有明显差异,林地染色面积比总体随土壤深度的增加而减小,但部分地方表现出增大现象;荒草地染色面积比随土壤深度增加呈单调递减,林地优先流发生程度高于荒草地。根系对优先流的形成具有重要影响,根径0≤d≤5 mm和d>10 mm范围内,林地根长密度随着土层深度的增加呈单调递减趋势,5 mm<d≤10 mm根系根长密度在30～40 cm土层出现较大波动;荒草地各级根系根长密度均与土壤深度呈负相关关系。林地染色面积比与3 mm<d≤5 mm根径范围内的根长密度呈极显著相关,荒草地染色面积比与d≤3 mm范围的根长密度呈极显著相关;2种地类染色面积比均与1 mm<d≤3 mm范围的根重密度及d≤1 mm的根表面积呈极显著相关,与d>5 mm根径的根长密度、根重密度、根表面积的相关性不显著。研究区2种地类的土壤优先流染色面积总体变化趋势为随土壤深度的增加而减小,植物根系与土壤优先流的形成关系密切,其中,细根能显著促进土壤优先流的形成,粗根对优先流的形成具有局限性。

Abstract: To clarify the morphological characteristics of soil preferential flow and the effect of plant roots on its formation, plants from the typical vegetation types of an artificial woodland (Leucaena acacia) and a dry watershed grassland (Heteropogon contortus) of Yuanmou County, Jinsha River were selected as the experimental objects. Based on the staining and tracing method combined with Photoshop CS5 and the Image-Pro Plus 6.0 image processing technology, we analyzed the morphological and distribution characteristics of soil preferential flow under the two planting types and examined the effects of plant roots. We found significant difference in soil preferential flow dyeing area between the woodland and grassland species, and the overall variation trend of the forestland dyeing area ratio decreased with increasing soil depth. The dyeing area of the grassland decreased monotonously with the increases of soil depth. The occurrence degree of soil preferential flow in forest was higher than that of grassland. Root systemaffected the formation of soil preferential flow. At the root diameter ranges of 0≤d≤5 mm and d>10 mm, root length density of the woodland showed a monotonous decreasing trend with increasing soil depth, while in the root diameter range of 5 mm<d≤10 mm, it fluctuated in the 30-40 cm soil layer. Root length densities at all the root diameter levels of desert grassland were negatively correlated with soil depth. The dyeing area ratio of the woodland was significantly correlated to root length density in the 3 mm<d≤5 mm root diameter range, while that of the grassland was significantly correlated to root length density in the d≤3 mm range. The dyeing area ratio of both land types showed significant correlation with root weight density in the range of 1 mm<d≤3 mm and with root surface area of d≤1 mm, but did not correlated with root length density, root weight density, and root surface area in the root diameter range of d>5 mm. The overall change trend of soil preferential flow dyeing area of two vegetation types in the study area decreased with increasing soil depth. Plant root system was closely related to the formation of soil preferential flow. Fine roots could promote while coarse roots may retard the formation of preferential flows.

邵一敏, 赵洋毅, 段旭, 王克勤, 陈婷婷, 万艳萍. 金沙江干热河谷典型林草地植物根系对土壤优先流的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(3): 725-734.

SHAO Yi-min, ZHAO Yang-yi, DUAN Xu, WANG Ke-qin, CHEN Ting-ting, WAN Yan-ping. Effects of plant roots on soil preferential flow in typical forest and grassland in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(3): 725-734.

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金沙江干热河谷典型林草地植物根系对土壤优先流的影响

Effects of plant roots on soil preferential flow in typical forest and grassland in the dry-hot valley of Jinsha River, China

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