耕作播种方式对稻茬小麦生长和养分吸收利用的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.025

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 1435-1442.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.025

耕作播种方式对稻茬小麦生长和养分吸收利用的影响

李朝苏¹, 李明¹, 吴晓丽¹, 魏会廷², 刘淼¹, 汤永禄^1*, 熊涛¹

¹四川省农业科学院作物研究所/南方丘区节水农业研究四川省重点实验室, 成都 610066;
²四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所, 成都 610066

收稿日期:2019-12-23 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2020-05-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: ttyycc88@163.com
作者简介:李朝苏, 男, 1980年生, 副研究员。主要从事耕作制度与小麦栽培技术研究。E-mail: xiaoli1755@163.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300107)和国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-3)资助

Effects of tillage and sowing practices on plant growth, soil nutrient uptake and utilization of wheat after rice

LI Chao-su¹, LI Ming¹, WU Xiao-li¹, WEI Hui-ting², LIU Miao¹, TANG Yong-lu^1*, XIONG Tao¹

¹Crop Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture in Hill Areas of Southern China, Chengdu 610066, China;
²Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China

Received:2019-12-23 Online:2020-05-15 Published:2020-05-15
Contact: * E-mail: ttyycc88@163.com
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Key Research & Development Program of China (2016YFD0300107) and the National Modern Agriculture Industry Technology System Construction Fund of China (CARS-3).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 2016—2018年,在四川省广汉市分析了深旋耕播种(DRT)、浅旋耕播种(SRT)和免耕带旋播种(NT)3种耕播方式对稻茬小麦生长和养分吸收利用的影响。结果表明:与DRT相比,SRT和NT处理提高了小麦分蘖、成穗能力。2016—2017年,处理间产量无显著差异;2017—2018年,NT处理产量显著高于DRT,增幅10.9%。处理间干物质积累的差异主要在苗期。NT处理下植株对氮的吸收量高于DRT,平均增幅9.9%,而氮收获指数DRT高于NT;各处理植株磷吸收量差异不显著;NT处理对钾的吸收量显著高于DRT。与传统的深旋耕播种方式相比,免耕带旋播种技术是提高稻茬小麦产量和养分吸收的有效途径。

关键词: 稻茬小麦, 耕作播种方式, 分蘖能力, 产量, 养分吸收利用

Abstract: From 2016 to 2018, a field trial on three tillage and sowing practices, deep rotary tillage before sowing (DRT), shallow rotary tillage with simultaneous sowing (SRT), and strip tillage under no tillage conditions along with sowing (NT), was conducted to evaluate shoot growth, soil nutrient uptake, and utilization of wheat (Triticum aestivum) after rice (Oryza sativa) in Guanghan, Sichuan Province, China. Compared with DRT, both SRT and NT improved tillering capacity and fertile shoot rate. In 2016-2017, grain yield did not differ among the treatments, whereas in 2017-2018, NT had significantly higher grain yield (10.9%) than DRT. Furthermore, the diffe-rence in dry matter accumulation among the treatments mainly occurred prior to wheat jointing. Total nitrogen uptake of plants was higher by 9.9% in NT than in DRT, whereas nitrogen harvest index was higher in DRT than in NT. Total phosphorus uptake was not different among the treatments. Total potassium uptake was higher in NT plants than in DRT plants. Overall, the results showed that compared with the traditional tillage practice (i.e., DRT), strip tillage practice along with sowing (i.e., NT) is an effective method for increasing grain yield and soil nutrient uptake for wheat after rice.

Key words: wheat after rice, tillage and sowing practice, tillering capacity, grain yield, soil nutrient uptake and utilization

李朝苏, 李明, 吴晓丽, 魏会廷, 刘淼, 汤永禄, 熊涛. 耕作播种方式对稻茬小麦生长和养分吸收利用的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(5): 1435-1442.

LI Chao-su, LI Ming, WU Xiao-li, WEI Hui-ting, LIU Miao, TANG Yong-lu, XIONG Tao. Effects of tillage and sowing practices on plant growth, soil nutrient uptake and utilization of wheat after rice[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(5): 1435-1442.

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耕作播种方式对稻茬小麦生长和养分吸收利用的影响

Effects of tillage and sowing practices on plant growth, soil nutrient uptake and utilization of wheat after rice

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