长期施肥对土壤氨氧化微生物的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.024

应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (5): 1459-1466.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202005.024

长期施肥对土壤氨氧化微生物的影响

刘灵芝, 马诗涵, 李秀玲, 安婷婷^*, 汪景宽

沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院, 土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室/农业部东北耕地保育重点实验室, 沈阳 110866

收稿日期:2019-10-26 出版日期:2020-05-15 发布日期:2020-05-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: atting@syau.edu.cn
作者简介:刘灵芝, 女, 1974年生, 博士, 副教授。主要从事土壤氮循环微生物研究。E-mail: liulingzhi2006@syau.edu.cn
基金资助:
辽宁省高等学校基本科研项目(LSNZD201705)、辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2019-MS-271)和国家自然科学基金项目(31101504)资助

Effects of long-term fertilization on soil ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms

LIU Ling-zhi, MA Shi-han, LI Xiu-ling, AN Ting-ting^*, WANG Jing-kuan

National Engineering Laboratory for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer Resources/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation in Northeast China, College of Land and Environment, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866, China

Received:2019-10-26 Online:2020-05-15 Published:2020-05-15
Contact: * E-mail: atting@syau.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the Basic Scientific Research Project of Universities in Liaoning Province (LSNZD201705), the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2019-MS-271), and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101504).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 长期施肥可改变土壤碳氮等养分供应,进而影响微生物数量与群落组成。本研究基于棕壤长期定位实验站,分析不同施肥方式下(不施肥,CK;低量无机氮肥,N₂;高量无机氮肥,N₄;有机无机氮肥配施,M₂N₂)土壤氨氧化古菌(AOA)和细菌(AOB)的变化,为土壤氮素转化的微生物学机制和培肥土壤提供依据。结果表明:不同施肥方式下,土壤AOA与AOB的数量比值为2.28～61.95。与CK相比,施肥后土壤AOA数量降低了1.6%～13.6%。N₄处理AOB数量随土壤深度增加呈先降低后升高的趋势,其他处理则相反。土壤AOB群落Shannon多样性指数、均匀度指数和Simpson指数均高于AOA。M₂N₂处理0～20 cm土层土壤AOB多样性增加,但AOA多样性降低。土壤AOB主要因土壤深度发生聚类,AOB和AOA均未因施肥方式发生聚类。综上,长期施肥改变了土壤AOA和AOB的构成状况,AOA对环境变化较为敏感,AOB较为丰富和稳定。

关键词: 氨氧化古菌, 氨氧化细菌, 长期施肥, 多样性

Abstract: Long-term fertilization can change the supply of soil carbon and nitrogen (N), with consequences on the abundance and community structure of soil microorganisms. Based on the long-term fertilization positioning experiment station of brown earth, we analyzed the dynamics of soil ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) under different fertilization treatments, including no fertilization (CK), low level of inorganic N fertilizer (N₂), high level of inorganic N fertilizer (N₄), and organic manure combined with inorganic N fertilizer (M₂N₂), aiming to provide a basis for microbiological mechanism of soil N transformation and improvement of soil fertility. The results showed that the ratio of AOA to AOB abundance was 2.28-61.95 under different fertilization treatments. Compared with that in CK, the AOA abundance was reduced by 1.6%-13.6% after long-term fertilization. The abundance of AOB in N₄ treatment decreased first and then increased with soil depths, but with contrary results in other treatments. The Shannon diversity index (H), evenness index (J), and Simpson index (S) of AOB were higher than those of AOA. The AOB diversity was increased at 0-20 cm soil layer in M₂N₂ treatment, while that of AOA was decreased. Soil AOB clustered with soil depths, and neither AOA nor AOB community clustered with fertilization treatments. In summary, long-term fertilization altered the composition of AOA and AOB. AOA was sensitive to environment, whereas AOB was more abundant and stable.

Key words: ammonia-oxidizing archaea, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria, long-term fertilization, diversity

刘灵芝, 马诗涵, 李秀玲, 安婷婷, 汪景宽. 长期施肥对土壤氨氧化微生物的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(5): 1459-1466.

LIU Ling-zhi, MA Shi-han, LI Xiu-ling, AN Ting-ting, WANG Jing-kuan. Effects of long-term fertilization on soil ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(5): 1459-1466.

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长期施肥对土壤氨氧化微生物的影响

Effects of long-term fertilization on soil ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms

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