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应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 2202-2210.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202007.020

• 植物化感作用专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

红薯水提物对外来入侵植物喜旱莲子草生长的化感影响

邓丽丽, 吕培, 黄学奇, 张震*, 王力超, 刘姚   

  1. 安徽农业大学资源与环境学院, 合肥 230036
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-02 接受日期:2020-04-19 出版日期:2020-07-15 发布日期:2021-01-15
  • 通讯作者: E-mail: xjzhangzhen@163.com
  • 作者简介:邓丽丽, 女, 1994年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事入侵生态学研究。E-mail: 2948274172@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31772235,31540051)和国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0200604,2018YFD0800301)资助

Allelopathic effects of water extracts from sweet potato on the growth of invasive alien species Alternanthera philoxeroides

DENG Li-li, LYU Pei, HUANG Xue-qi, ZHANG Zhen*, WANG Li-chao, LIU Yao   

  1. College of Resource and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
  • Received:2019-12-02 Accepted:2020-04-19 Online:2020-07-15 Published:2021-01-15
  • Contact: E-mail: xjzhangzhen@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31772235, 31540051) and the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0200604, 2018YFD0800301).

摘要: 从植物化感作用的角度,探索利用具有较高经济价值的本地植物或伴生的本地物种对入侵植物进行抑制和清除,是一种控制外来入侵植物行之有效的方法。本研究以本地作物红薯和入侵植物喜旱莲子草为试验对象,探究红薯不同部位(根、茎、叶)3个浓度(0.025、0.05、0.1 g·mL-1)的水提物对喜旱莲子草的化感作用。以形态学指标(无性系小株个数、节数、叶片数、叶面积、株高、总干重和根数)、化感响应指数、性状比值(肉质化程度、根冠比、比叶面积、叶生物量比、茎生物量比、根生物量比)、新生叶片中过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)等作为衡量红薯对喜旱莲子草根状茎生长影响程度的参数。结果表明: 1)不同浓度不同部位红薯水提物对喜旱莲子草生长有不同影响。0.1 g·mL-1根水提物显著抑制所有形态学指标,除总干重和根数外,其他形态学指标均随不同部位水提物浓度的升高而显著降低。2)所有处理的综合化感响应指数均为负值,说明红薯水提物对喜旱莲子草各指标具有负效应,抑制其正常生长。在所有处理中,0.1 g·mL-1根水提物的化感抑制作用最强,化感响应指数为-0.73,其次为0.1 g·mL-1茎水提物和0.05 g·mL-1根水提物,化感响应指数均为-0.44。3)从性状比值可以看出,红薯水提物对肉质化程度、根冠比、比叶面积和叶生物量比有显著抑制作用,而对茎生物量比和根生物量比无显著性影响。4)红薯水提物显著增加新生叶片中丙二醛含量,显著降低超氧化物歧化酶含量,但对过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶无显著影响。表明红薯水提物对喜旱莲子草根状茎生长有显著抑制作用。

关键词: 入侵杂草, 土著物种, 化感作用, 喜旱莲子草, 红薯

Abstract: It is an effective approach to control invasive plants based on the allelopathic effect of native plants with higher economic values, from the perspective of allelopathy. The aim of this study was to test the allelopathic effect of a local crop, sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), on the invasive plant Alternanthera philoxeroides. Water extracts from different organs of sweet potato (roots, stems, leaves) with three concentrations (0.025, 0.05, 0.1 g·mL-1) were used in the study. To test the effect of sweet potato on rhizome growth of A. philoxeroides, the morphological index (ramet number, node number, leaf number, leaf area, plant height, total dry weight and root number of new ramets), allelopathic response index, trait values (succulent degree, root-shoot ratio, specific leaf area, leaf mass ratio, stem mass ratio, root mass ratio), CAT, POD, MDA and SOD in young leaves were measured. The results showed that 1) Water extracts from different organs of sweet potato with different concentrations differed in their effects on the growth of A. philoxeroides. Water extract from root with 0.1 g·mL-1 significantly inhibited all morphological indices. Except total dry weight and root number, other morphological indices decreased significantly with increasing concentration of water extract from all organs. 2) The synthetic allelopathic response index (RI) was negative under all treatments, indicating that water extract of sweet potato had negative effects on all indices of A. philoxeroides and thus inhibited their growth. Among all the treatments, water extract from root with a concentration of 0.1 g·mL-1 had the strongest allelopathic inhibition (RI=-0.73), followed by that from stem with a concentration of 0.1 g·mL-1(RI=-0.44) and from root with a concentration of 0.05 g·mL-1(RI=-0.44). 3) Water extract of sweet potato had significant inhibitory effects on the degree of succulence, root-shoot ratio, specific leaf area, and leaf mass ratio, but did not affect stem mass ratio and root mass ratio. 4) Water extract of sweet potato significantly increased the contents of MDA and SOD in the fresh leaves of A. philoxeroides, while had no effect on the contents of CAT and POD. All these results indicates that water extract of sweet potato significantly suppress the ramet growth of A. philoxeroides.

Key words: invasive weed, native species, allelopathic effect, Alternanthera philoxeroides, sweet potato