东太平洋赤道海域茎柔鱼的营养生态位和肠道微生物组成

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.035

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 1087-1095.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.035

东太平洋赤道海域茎柔鱼的营养生态位和肠道微生物组成

高小迪¹, 贡艺^1,3,4,5, 陈新军^1,3,4,5, 李云凯^1,2,3,4,5*

¹上海海洋大学海洋科学学院, 上海 201306;
²青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,青岛266071;
³大洋渔业资源可持续开发省部共建教育部重点实验室, 上海 201306;
⁴国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心, 上海 201306;
⁵农业部大洋渔业开发重点实验室, 上海 201306

收稿日期:2020-07-04 接受日期:2020-11-18 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-09-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: ykli@shou.edu.cn
作者简介:高小迪, 女, 1993年生, 博士研究生。主要从事摄食生态学研究。E-mail: xd_gao@foxmail.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(31872573)、上海市自然科学基金项目(17ZR1413000)、青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室开放课题(2017-1A03)和农业农村部远洋与极地渔业创新重点实验室开放课题(2019-3)资助

Trophic niche and gut microbiota of Dosidicus gigas in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean

GAO Xiao-di¹, GONG Yi^1,3,4,5, CHEN Xin-jun^1,3,4,5, LI Yun-kai^1,2,3,4,5*

¹College of Marine Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai 201306, China;
²Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China;
³Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201306, China;
⁴National Engineering Research Center for Oceanic Fisheries, Shanghai 201306, China;
⁵Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration, Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai 201306, China

Received:2020-07-04 Accepted:2020-11-18 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-09-15
Contact: * E-mail: ykli@shou.edu.cn
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872573), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (17ZR1413000), Open Project of Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (2017-1A03) and Open Fund from Key Laboratory of Oceanic and Polar Fisheries, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (2019-3)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 掌握海洋生物的营养生态位特征及其应对环境变化的响应机制,对于评估渔业和气候变化对海洋生态系统功能的影响至关重要。茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)是东太平洋重要的渔业经济物种,在生态系统中具有承上启下的重要生态作用。在气候变化的大背景下,掌握茎柔鱼应对气候变化的响应过程将有利于合理把控其资源状况。本研究采用稳定同位素和高通量技术手段,分别从宏观和微观角度量化比较分析了正常时期和厄尔尼诺时期赤道海域的茎柔鱼营养生态位、肠道长度及肠道微生物组成。结果表明: 不同气候时期茎柔鱼的δ¹³C值存在显著差异,说明食物来源具有差异性;其肠道微生物主要由放线菌门、拟杆菌门、蓝细菌门、厚壁菌门、变形菌门和软壁菌门组成,不同时期微生物群落组成无显著差异,但多样性和相对丰度差异显著。在厄尔尼诺时期,茎柔鱼个体具有较小的营养生态位、较长的肠道、更高的肠道微生物群落多样性及丰富度;肠道微生物的差异主要体现在厚壁菌门、拟杆菌门、螺旋体门、WPS-2和Kiritimatiellaeota,样本距离更为集中。这表明由厄尔尼诺事件导致的栖息地环境及食物变化可能限制茎柔鱼的活动,改变其肠道微生物的结构和功能,有利于其适应环境及食性的变化。

关键词: 茎柔鱼, 稳定同位素, 肠道微生物, 气候变化, 厄尔尼诺

Abstract: Understanding the adaptation of important marine species to environmental changes is critical for evaluating the effects of fisheries and climate change on marine services. The jumbo squid, Dosidicus gigas, is a keystone species in the eastern Pacific, which plays an intermediate role in the marine food web. Better understanding of their responses to climate change would be a big step to understand their population dynamics. In this study, stable isotope and high-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing were used to compare the variation of trophic niche, gut length, and gut microbiota of D. gigas in the eastern equatorial water during normal and El Niño periods. The results showed a significant variation in δ¹³C values for D. gigas in different periods, indicating differences in their food sources. The main phylum-level gut microbiome included Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Tenericutes. There was no significant difference in the gut microbial composition during normal and El Niño periods, but differences in gut microbial diversity and relative abundance of some phyla bacteria. El Niño events could decrease the trophic niche breadth of D. gigas, and positively impact gut length and gut microbial diversity and richness. Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Spirochaetes, WPS-2, and Kiritimatiellaeota had a significant increase in the gut microbiota of D. gigas combined with a more concentrated intraspecific rank of distance during El Niño, suggesting that the changes of habitat and food sources caused by El Niño events could limit the distribution range of D. gigas. D. gigas might change their digestive system to improve the digestive and absorption capacity and enhance their immunocompetence. Such a climate-driven alteration might help D. gigas rapidly adapt to the changes of environmental conditions and food resources under El Niño.

Key words: Dosidicus gigas, stable isotope, gut microbiota, climate change, El Niño

高小迪, 贡艺, 陈新军, 李云凯. 东太平洋赤道海域茎柔鱼的营养生态位和肠道微生物组成[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(3): 1087-1095.

GAO Xiao-di, GONG Yi, CHEN Xin-jun, LI Yun-kai. Trophic niche and gut microbiota of Dosidicus gigas in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(3): 1087-1095.

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东太平洋赤道海域茎柔鱼的营养生态位和肠道微生物组成

Trophic niche and gut microbiota of Dosidicus gigas in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean

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