硅素对水稻幼苗镉积累及抗胁迫应答的调节效应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.005

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 1096-1104.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.005

硅素对水稻幼苗镉积累及抗胁迫应答的调节效应

潘伯桂^1,2,3, 莫汉乾^1,2,3, 王维⁴, 蔡昆争^1,2,3, 田纪辉^1,2,3, 蔡一霞^1,2,3*

¹华南农业大学资源环境学院, 广州 510642;
²农业部华南热带农业环境重点实验室, 广州 510642;
³广东省生态循环农业重点实验室, 广州 510642;
⁴华南农业大学农学院, 广州 510642

收稿日期:2020-09-26 接受日期:2020-12-28 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-09-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: caiyixia@scau.edu.cn
作者简介:潘伯桂, 男, 1996年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事环境污染及其修复等的研究。E-mail: panbogui@foxmail.com
基金资助:
广东省科技计划项目(2013B020310010)资助

Regulating effects of silicon on Cd-accumulation and stress-resistant responding in rice seedling

PAN Bo-gui^1,2,3, MO Han-qian^1,2,3, WANG Wei⁴, CAI Kun-zheng^1,2,3, TIAN Ji-hui^1,2,3, CAI Yi-xia^1,2,3*

¹College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
²Key Laboratory of Tropical Agricultural Environment in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;
³Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Circular Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China;
⁴College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

Received:2020-09-26 Accepted:2020-12-28 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-09-15
Contact: * E-mail: caiyixia@scau.edu.cn
Supported by:
Science and Technology Planning Program of Guangdong Pro-vince (2013B020310010)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 施硅(Si)可以显著缓解镉(Cd)胁迫对水稻生长发育的毒害效应。本研究通过水培分根试验,研究了Si对水稻幼苗Cd积累及胁迫应答的调节效应。结果表明: Cd胁迫下水稻幼苗的生物量显著降低,加Si可以显著缓解Cd对水稻幼苗生长的抑制效应。水稻幼苗对Cd的吸收、转运和积累明显受到Si的影响,单侧根系Cd胁迫下加Si(Si-Cd+Si,Si-Cd)使根系对Cd的滞留系数达83.3%～83.6%,限制了Cd从根向地上部转移。单侧根系Cd胁迫下非胁迫侧加Si(Si-Cd)处理的植株对Cd的吸收和累积明显增加,尤其是根中Cd的积累量较单侧根系Cd胁迫下无Si(CK-Cd)处理增加了48.2%;而单侧根系Cd胁迫下双侧加Si(Si-Cd+Si)处理则显著降低了根和地上部对Cd的吸收,较CK-Cd处理分别降低了36.7%和54.9%。双侧Cd胁迫下单侧加Si(Cd-Cd+Si)则使根和地上部对Cd的吸收量显著减少,较双侧根Cd胁迫(Cd-Cd)处理分别降低了57.8%和46.5%。Cd胁迫下水稻幼苗根中含较高浓度的Si,加Si则使Cd胁迫下根和地上部积累更多的Si。加Si也影响了水稻幼苗对其他金属元素如钙(Ca)、镁(Mg)、锰(Mn)的吸收,Cd-Cd+Si处理显著增加了根系和地上部的Ca、Mg浓度,但Mn浓度的变化则因Cd胁迫程度而表现不同。加Si对Cd胁迫下根系超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性有一定的影响,尤其是Si-Cd处理的胁迫侧POD和非胁迫侧SOD活性显著上升,有利于清除Cd胁迫产生的氧自由基。总之,Si对Cd胁迫下水稻幼苗生长、Cd和Si等的吸收及根系的抗氧化反应有一定的调节效应,植株体内较高的Si浓度有利于增强植株对Cd的耐受性。

关键词: 水稻, 硅, 镉, Cd的耐受性

Abstract: Silicon (Si) application could significantly alleviate the toxic effects of cadmium (Cd) on the growth and development of rice. Here, we examined the regulatory effects of Si on Cd accumulation and stress response in rice seedlings through a hydroponic root separation test. The results showed that the biomass of rice seedlings decreased significantly under Cd stress, while the addition of Si could alleviate such negative effect. The uptake, transfer, and accumulation of Cd in rice seedling were significantly affected by Si addition under Cd stress. Si application under the unilateral Cd stress (Si-Cd+Si, Si-Cd) increased Cd-retention coefficient of root by 83.3%-83.6%, which restricted the transfer of Cd from root to aboveground. However, the treatment with Si added to the non-stressed side (Si-Cd) elevated the uptake and accumulation of Cd in rice seedling, with the accumulation in root being increased by 48.2% when compared to the treatment under the unilateral Cd stress without the addition of Si (CK-Cd). The treatment with Si added in two sides (Si-Cd+Si) decreased the uptake of Cd both in root and aboveground parts by 36.7% and 54.9%, respectively. The addition of Si under bilateral Cd stress (Cd-Cd+Si) significantly reduced the Cd uptake of both the root and aboveground parts by 57.8% and 46.5%, respectively, compared to the treatment of bilateral Cd stress (Cd-Cd). Higher Si concentration in rice seedling was found under the Cd stress. More Si was accumulated in rice seedling to resist the Cd stress when Si was added. The addition of Si affected the absorption of other metal elements in rice seedlings, including calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and manganese (Mn). The concentrations of Ca and Mg in root and aboveground parts were significantly increased by Si addition under bilateral Cd-stress (Cd-Cd+Si), but Mn concentration was changed with the stress degree of Cd. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) in root were affected by Si under Cd stress, especially for the Si-Cd treatment. The activity of POD in the root of the Cd-stress side and that of SOD in non-stress side were significantly increased, which benefit to scavenging the free radicals induced by Cd stress. In conclusion, Si could regulate the growth of rice seedlings, the uptake of elements such as Cd and Si, and the antioxidant reaction of the root system under the Cd stress. High Si concentration in plant is conducive to enhancing Cd tolerance.

Key words: rice, silicon, cadmium, Cd tolerance

潘伯桂, 莫汉乾, 王维, 蔡昆争, 田纪辉, 蔡一霞. 硅素对水稻幼苗镉积累及抗胁迫应答的调节效应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(3): 1096-1104.

PAN Bo-gui, MO Han-qian, WANG Wei, CAI Kun-zheng, TIAN Ji-hui, CAI Yi-xia. Regulating effects of silicon on Cd-accumulation and stress-resistant responding in rice seedling[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(3): 1096-1104.

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硅素对水稻幼苗镉积累及抗胁迫应答的调节效应

Regulating effects of silicon on Cd-accumulation and stress-resistant responding in rice seedling

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