Cu2O纳米颗粒对小麦根系形态及遗传毒性的影响

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.031

应用生态学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (3): 1105-1111.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202103.031

Cu₂O纳米颗粒对小麦根系形态及遗传毒性的影响

马占强^*, 许雁翀, 凡贞洁, 侯典云, 徐秋月

河南科技大学农学院, 河南洛阳 471023

收稿日期:2020-06-28 接受日期:2020-11-11 出版日期:2021-03-15 发布日期:2021-09-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: mzqnxy@163.com
作者简介:马占强, 男, 1978年生, 博士, 副教授。主要从事重金属污染生物修复及新型污染物生物毒性研究。E-mail: mzqnxy@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(U1404829)、河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21A180005)和河南科技大学大学生研究训练计划项目(2019376)资助

Impacts of cuprous oxide nanoparticles on wheat root morphology and genotoxicity

MA Zhan-qiang^*, XU Yan-chong, FAN Zhen-jie, HOU Dian-yun, XU Qiu-yue

College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, Henan, China

Received:2020-06-28 Accepted:2020-11-11 Online:2021-03-15 Published:2021-09-15
Contact: * E-mail: mzqnxy@163.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1404829), the Key Scientific Research Project of Henan Province (21A180005), and the Student Research Training Program of Henan University of Science and Technology (2019376)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了阐明Cu₂O纳米颗粒(NPs)暴露对植物根系的毒性效应,本研究以小麦品种‘周麦18’为材料,采用水培试验方法,研究了10、50、100和200 mg·L^-1浓度的Cu₂O-NPs对小麦幼苗生长、根系活性、形态结构及细胞遗传学毒性的影响。结果表明: 不同浓度的Cu₂O-NPs降低了小麦幼苗的根芽长度、鲜重、根活性和根冠比,增加了初生根的数量;随着Cu₂O-NPs浓度的升高,幼苗根伸长区缩短、根系变硬变脆、根径增加、根冠变大;100 mg·L^-1浓度的Cu₂O-NPs处理下,小麦根尖有丝分裂指数显著降低,根尖细胞形状不规则化、质壁分离、细胞出现空泡化、细胞核核膜模糊、核内染色体异常。在水培条件下,Cu₂O-NPs对小麦幼苗具有一定的遗传学毒性效应,从而影响小麦幼苗的生长发育和根系形态结构。

关键词: 幼苗, 纳米颗粒, 生长发育, 生态毒性, 染色体异常

Abstract: To explore the ecotoxicity of Cu₂O nanoparticles (NPs) on plant roots, the effects of Cu₂O-NPs with different concentrations of 10, 50, 100 and 200 mg·L^-1 on the seedling growth, root morphology, and cytogenetic toxicity of wheat ‘Zhoumai 18’ (Triticum aestivum Zhoumai 18) were examined in a hydroponic experiment. The results showed that Cu₂O-NPs inhibited the growth of wheat seedlings. Cu₂O-NPs reduced root and shoot lengths, fresh weights of shoot and root, root relative activity and ratio of root to shoot of wheat seedlings, but increased primary root number. Furthermore, with the increases of Cu₂O-NPs concentrations, the root elongation zone shortened and the root became hard and brittle, while the average diameter of roots increased. Under the concentration of 100 mg·L^-1 Cu₂O-NPs, the mitotic index significantly decreased, and vacuolization, plasma membrane detachment, chromosomal abnormality occurred in the root tip cell. In conclusion, Cu₂O-NPs are genotoxic to wheat seedlings, with consequences on the growth and development of wheat seedlings and root morphology.

Key words: seedling, nanoparticle, growth and development, ecotoxicity, chromosomal abnor-mality

马占强, 许雁翀, 凡贞洁, 侯典云, 徐秋月. Cu₂O纳米颗粒对小麦根系形态及遗传毒性的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2021, 32(3): 1105-1111.

MA Zhan-qiang, XU Yan-chong, FAN Zhen-jie, HOU Dian-yun, XU Qiu-yue. Impacts of cuprous oxide nanoparticles on wheat root morphology and genotoxicity[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2021, 32(3): 1105-1111.

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Cu₂O纳米颗粒对小麦根系形态及遗传毒性的影响

Impacts of cuprous oxide nanoparticles on wheat root morphology and genotoxicity

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