欢迎访问《应用生态学报》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (1): 159-168.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202201.019

• • 上一篇    下一篇

基于生态系统服务价值评估的长征沿线革命老区生态补偿策略

邓元杰1,2, 侯孟阳1,2, 贾磊1,2, 汪亚琴1,2, 张晓1,2, 姚顺波1,2*   

  1. 1西北农林科技大学经济管理学院, 陕西杨凌 712100;
    2西北农林科技大学资源经济与环境管理研究中心, 陕西杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-31 接受日期:2021-07-21 出版日期:2022-01-15 发布日期:2022-07-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: yaoshunbo@163.com
  • 作者简介:邓元杰, 男, 1992年生, 博士研究生。主要从事资源经济与环境管理、林业经济政策效果评估研究。E-mail: dengyuanjie@nwafu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(71773091)和西北农林科技大学经济管理学院研究生科技创新项目(JGYJSCXXM202002)

Ecological compensation strategy of the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March based on ecosystem service value evaluation

DENG Yuan-jie1,2, HOU Meng-yang1,2, JIA Lei1,2, WANG Ya-qin1,2, ZHANG Xiao1,2, YAO Shun-bo1,2*   

  1. 1College of Economics & Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China;
    2Research Center for Resource Economics and Environment Management, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
  • Received:2021-05-31 Accepted:2021-07-21 Online:2022-01-15 Published:2022-07-15

摘要: 长征沿线革命老区普遍存在生态保护与社会经济发展的矛盾,生态补偿是解决这一矛盾的重要措施。基于2018年土地利用、植被净初级生产力、气候因子等数据,采用修正的当量因子法,测算长征沿线革命老区310个县域的生态系统服务价值,然后采用区域差异化生态补偿估算方法,对该地区生态补偿优先级和生态补偿额度进行划分和估算,并探讨长征沿线革命老区的生态补偿策略。结果表明: 2018年,长征沿线革命老区生态系统提供总服务价值量为25937.4亿元,森林服务价值占比最高(58.8%),其次是草地和水域。长征沿线革命老区生态补偿总额为1834.05亿元,区域内所能获得的实际补偿资金与此数额相比还存在较大的资金缺口;生态补偿总额仅占沿线革命老区GDP的0.04%,对地方财政压力小,在生态补偿实践中具有一定可操作性。2018年,长征沿线共有100个革命老区可作为生态补偿优先级地区,这与国家正在实施的国家重点生态功能区政策具有高度一致性。但生态补偿资金分配产生了较明显的偏差,重点优先级地区没有得到相应补偿。补偿策略上,一是立足于长征沿线革命老区特有资源,建立多元化、市场化以及综合的生态补偿机制,拓宽生态补偿资金来源;二是继续优化长征沿线革命老区生态补偿的空间选择方式,提高区域生态补偿机制效率。

关键词: 生态系统服务价值, 长征, 革命老区, 生态补偿额度, 生态补偿优先级

Abstract: The conflict between ecological protection and socio-economic development in the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March can be addressed by ecological compensation. In this study, we collected 2018 data of land use, net primary productivity of vegetation, climate factors and so on. The ecosystem service value of 310 counties in the old revolutionary base areas was calculated using the data and modified equivalent factor. Then, the regional differentiated ecological compensation estimation method was applied to estimate the priority and amount of ecological compensation within the area. We further proposed the ecological compensation strategy adopted for the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March. The results showed that the total value of ecosystem services in the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March amounted to 2593.74 billion yuan in 2018. Forest services took the highest proportion (58.8%), followed by grassland and waters. The total amount of ecological compensation made for the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March reached 183.405 billion yuan. Compared with this amount, there was a large gap in the actual compensation funds available to the region. In addition, the total amount of ecological compensation accounted for only 0.04% of the aggregate GDP in this area, which put some strain on local fiscal resources and showed certain viability in ecological compensation. In 2018, totally 100 old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March were designated as the priority areas for ecological compensation, consistent with the national key eco-function zone policy. However, there were deviations in the allocation of ecological compensation funds, with some priority areas receiving no compensation. As for the compensation strategy, it is necessary to put in place a diversified, market-oriented and comprehensive ecological compensation mechanism to increase the sources of ecological compensation funds at first. Then, efforts should be continued to optimize the spatial selection of ecological compensation in the old revolutionary base areas along the route of Long March and to improve the efficiency of regional ecological compensation mechanism.

Key words: ecosystem service value, Long March, old revolutionary base areas, ecological compensation amount, ecological compensation priority sequence