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应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (2): 569-576.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202202.023

• • 上一篇    

放牧对草原植物功能性状影响研究进展

王晓芳1,2,3, 马红彬4,5*, 刘杰1,2,3, 苗海涛1,2,3, 沈艳4,5, 周瑶4,5, 马静利4,5   

  1. 1兰州大学草地农业科技学院, 兰州 730020;
    2草地农业生态系统国家重点实验室草地微生物中心, 兰州 730020;
    3西部生态安全省部共建创新中心, 兰州 730020;
    4宁夏大学农学院, 银川 750021;
    5宁夏大学西北退化生态系统恢复与重建教育部重点实验室培育基地, 银川 750021
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-09 修回日期:2021-11-10 出版日期:2022-02-15 发布日期:2022-08-15
  • 通讯作者: *E-mail: ma_hb@nxu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:王晓芳, 女, 1993年生, 博士研究生。主要从事草地生态、资源与环境研究。E-mail: wangxf19@lzu.edu.com
  • 基金资助:
    宁夏回族自治区对外合作项目(2018BFH03009)、国家自然科学基金项目(32060406)、宁夏科技创新领军人才培养项目(KJT2018003)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(lzujbky-2021-ey03,lzujbky-2021-kb12)和甘肃省级引导科技创新发展专项资金项目(2019ZX-06)资助。

Research advances on the effects of grazing on plant functional traits in grassland

WANG Xiao-fang1,2,3, MA Hong-bin4,5*, LIU Jie1,2,3, MIAO Hai-tao1,2,3, SHEN Yan4,5, ZHOU Yao4,5, MA Jing-li4,5   

  1. 1College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    2State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems Center for Grassland Microbiome, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    3Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou 730020, China;
    4College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China;
    5Breeding Base of Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Restoration and Reconstruction, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
  • Received:2021-08-09 Revised:2021-11-10 Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-08-15

摘要: 植物功能性状的表达和植被环境适应性相关,植物功能性状之间的权衡变化体现了植物在放牧胁迫下资源的重新整合和获取。本文总结了放牧干扰下植物功能性状表达的差异性,着重将放牧干扰与植物功能性状相结合,介绍了植物功能性状的变异来源是植物遗传特征与环境过滤相互协调的结果,归纳了放牧对植物营养性状、繁殖性状的影响,以及植物可以通过调整生存和繁殖策略以适应放牧干扰。本文集中于放牧对植物种群、群落和生态系统的影响。不同放牧干扰下植物功能性状的表达具有差异性,因此植物功能性状可作为解释种群生长和繁殖、群落构建过程和生态系统功能的指标。为使植物功能性状的研究更好地服务于草地生态环境,可依据植物功能性状筛选合理的草地抗牧物种;依据草地植物种群的生活史特征,制定科学的放牧机制;以植株为整体综合考虑植物功能性状变化,提出放牧研究中植物功能性状的发展方向。

关键词: 放牧, 草原植物, 功能性状

Abstract: Plant functional traits is connected with vegetation adaptability to the environment. The trade-off between plant functional traits reflects resource reintegration and acquisition under grazing pressures. We summarized the differences of plant functional traits under grazing disturbance, focused on the linkages between grazing disturbance and plant functional traits. We introduced that the variation of plant functional traits resulted from the coordination between plant genetic characteristics and environmental filtration, summarized the effects of grazing on nutritional and reproductive traits, and noted that plants could use survival and reproductive strategies to adapt to the grazing disturbance. We mainly focused on the effects of grazing on plant population, community and ecosystem. The expression of plant functional traits was different under grazing disturbance. Therefore, plant functional traits could be used as indicators to explain population growth and reproduction, community assembly, and ecosystem function. In order to better serve the ecological environment of grassland with plant functional traits, reasonable grazing resis-tant species could be screened according to plant functional traits. Based on life history characteristics of grassland plant population, the scientific grazing mechanism should be formulated, and the responses of plant functional traits and resource allocation to grazing disturbance should be conducted from the perspective of individual-based level in the future.

Key words: grazing, grassland plant, functional trait