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应用生态学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (3): 623-628.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202203.025

• 全球变化对生态脆弱区资源环境承载力的影响专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于生态系统演变机理的生态系统脆弱性、适应性与突变理论

徐兴良1,2, 于贵瑞1,2*   

  1. 1中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室, 北京 100101;
    2中国科学院大学资源与环境学院, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2021-12-30 接受日期:2022-01-27 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-09-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: yugr@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:徐兴良, 男, 1972年生, 研究员, 博士生导师。主要从事陆地生态系统养分循环研究。E-mail: xuxl@igsnrr.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFA0604800)资助。

Theories of ecosystem vulnerability, adaptability and catastrophe based on the mechanisms of ecological succession.

XU Xing-liang1,2, YU Gui-rui1,2*   

  1. 1Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;
    2College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2021-12-30 Accepted:2022-01-27 Online:2022-03-15 Published:2022-09-15

摘要: 随着气候变化影响广度与深度的增加,生态系统脆弱性、适应性与突变理论逐渐被广泛应用到生态学研究领域中,探讨和评估各类生态系统对气候变化的敏感性、脆弱性和适应性,可谋求更好的方式来应对气候变化对区域生态系统带来的深远影响,服务于国家生态系统可持续管理及生态安全建设。虽然相关研究已获取许多进展,区分了气候敏感区和某些生态系统的潜在转折点,但是学界对这些概念尚存在多种的理解和阐释,这一定程度上影响了相关理论的进一步发展与应用。针对此,本文梳理了相关概念的发展历程,并从生态系统生态学角度深入剖析了这些概念内涵,进一步提出了基于生态系统演变机理的生态系统脆弱性和适应性及突变理论框架和相应的计算方法,以期推动生态系统脆弱性、适应性与突变理论深入发展。

关键词: 生态系统脆弱性, 生态系统适应性, 生态系统突变, 生态系统演替, 气候变化

Abstract: With the increases in the breadth and depth of the impacts of climate change, the theories of ecosystem vulnerability, adaptability and catastrophe have gradually been widely applied in the field of ecology to explore and evaluate the sensitivity, vulnerability and adaptation of various ecosystems to climatic change. Based on such research, we can seek better ways to cope with the far-reaching impact of climatic change on ecosystems, and serve the sustainable management of national ecosystems and the construction of ecological security. Although a lot of achievements have been made to distinguish the sensitive regions responding to climatic change and potential tipping points in certain ecosystems, there are still multiple understandings and interpretations of these concepts in the academic community. To some extent, this affects the further development and application of related theories in ecological studies. Therefore, we combed the development history of related concepts, and analyzed the connotation of these concepts from the perspective of ecosystem ecology. Furthermore, we proposed a theoretical framework for ecosystem fragility, adaptability, and catastrophe based on the ecosystem evolution theory and corresponding calculation methods in order to promote the in-depth development of theories of ecosystem fragility, adaptability and catastrophe.

Key words: ecosystem fragility, ecosystem adaptability, ecosystem catastrophe, ecosystem succession, climatic change