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应用生态学报 ›› 2012, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (11): 2931-2939.

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

沈阳城市森林凋落物数量及动态

徐文铎,陈玮,何兴元**,徐胜,张粤,闻华   

  1. (中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所森林与土壤生态国家重点实验室, 沈阳 110164)
  • 出版日期:2012-11-18 发布日期:2012-11-18

Litterfall amount and its dynamics in urban forest of Shenyang, Northeast China.

XU Wen-duo, CHEN Wei, HE Xing-yuan, XU Sheng, ZHANG Yue, WEN Hua   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China)
  • Online:2012-11-18 Published:2012-11-18

摘要: 在沈阳城市森林中设置20个样点,2005—2007年连续3年进行了森林凋落物数量和动态的观测.结果表明: 研究期间,20个1 m-2凋落物收集器中共收集30种树种凋落叶,占研究区树种的15.5%,种群个体数量和叶面积分别占研究区内树木的63.8%和69.9%.叶凋落量与该树种的叶面积呈显著正相关.不同树种的叶片凋落开始时间相差很大, 落叶开始时间早的树种,落叶结束时间也提前.落叶开始时间与落叶持续时间和落叶结束时间极显著相关.年平均凋落量为4229.0 kg·hm-2,其中叶、枝和花果的凋落量分别占总凋落量的80.3%、11.0%和8.7%.凋落物的季节变化呈单峰型曲线,10月达到最大值,约占总凋落量的50.0%.大量凋落物为城市森林提供了营养物质和能量.

Abstract: Twenty sampling sites were set in the urban forest of Shenyang to continuously observe the amount of forest litterfall and its dynamics in 2005-2007. During the three years, the leaf litters collected in twenty 1 m2 litterfall traps were of 30 tree species, which accounted for 15.5% of the entire tree species in Shenyang, but the individual number and leaf area of the populations accounted for 63.8% and 69.9%, respectively. A significant positive correlation was observed between the leaf litterfall amount and the leaf area of the corresponding tree species, and there was a great difference in the beginning time of the leaf fall between different tree species. The species with earlier beginning time of leaf fall finished their leaf fall earlier, and thus, there was a significant positive correlation between the beginning time of leaf fall and the ending time and duration of leaf fall. The average annual litter production was 4229.0 kg·hm-2, among which, leaf litterfall was 3397.36 kg·hm-2, branch litterfall was 463.89 kg·hm-2, and fruit and flower litterfall was 367.73 kg·hm-2, accounting for 80.3%, 11.0%, and 8.7% of the total production, respectively. The seasonal dynamics of the litterfalls showed a single peak, with the maximum appeared in October and accounted for about 50.0% of the total. The large amount of the litterfalls could supply nutrients and energy for urban forest.