新疆北部棉花冠层结构特征对滴灌定额的响应

doi:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201912.023

应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (12): 4169-4176.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201912.023

新疆北部棉花冠层结构特征对滴灌定额的响应

王秀媛, 马卉, 高宏云, 李楠楠, 李军宏, 夏军, 罗宏海^*

石河子大学农学院/新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室, 新疆石河子 832003

收稿日期:2019-01-16 出版日期:2019-12-15 发布日期:2019-12-15
通讯作者: * E-mail: luohonghai@shz.edu.cn
作者简介:王秀媛, 女, 1997年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事作物高产生理与节水栽培研究. E-mail: 490170459@qq.com
基金资助:
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31760355,31560342)、霍英东教育基金会(151030)和新疆兵团中青年科技创新领军人才计划项目(2017CB005)资助

Responses of cotton canopy structure characteristics to drip irrigation quota in north Xinjiang, China

WANG Xiu-yuan, MA Hui, GAO Hong-yun, LI Nan-nan, LI Jun-hong, XIA Jun, LUO Hong-hai^*

College of Agriculture, Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Oasis Eco-agriculture of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China

Received:2019-01-16 Online:2019-12-15 Published:2019-12-15
Contact: * E-mail: luohonghai@shz.edu.cn
Supported by:
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31760355, 31560342), the Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation (151030), and Program of Youth Science and Technology Innovation Leader of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (2017CB005)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在新疆北部地区自然生态条件下,采用棉花品种‘新陆早45号’为试验材料,设置5种滴灌定额处理(W₁:600 m³·hm^-2,W₂:540 m³·hm^-2,W₃:480 m³·hm^-2,W₄:420 m³·hm^-2,W₅:360 m³·hm^-2),研究了棉花叶面积指数、冠层开度、群体光吸收率、群体光合速率和产量对不同滴灌定额的响应.结果表明: 随着滴灌定额减少,棉花叶面积指数、群体光吸收率、群体光合速率均呈现降低趋势,其中W₁与W₂处理间的上述参数在盛蕾期至吐絮期均无显著差异;冠层开度则随滴灌定额减少呈增加的趋势.籽棉产量和皮棉产量均以W₁处理最高,分别为6549和2677 kg·hm^-2;W₂处理籽棉产量仅比W₁处理低6.5%,灌溉水利用效率较W₁处理高3.9%.相关分析表明,盛花期至盛铃期叶面积指数、群体光吸收率和群体光合速率均与籽棉产量呈显著或极显著正相关.因此,控制滴灌定额在540 m³·hm^-2有利于棉花在盛花至盛铃期保持较高的叶面积指数、增加冠层开度、保证光吸收率,进而增强群体光合速率,在不显著降低产量前提下提高灌溉水利用效率.

Abstract: We investigated the effects of different drip irrigation quotas on leaf area index (LAI), diffuse non-interceptance (DIFN), light interception rate (LIR), canopy apparent photosynthetic rate (CAP), and cotton yield of Xinluzao 45 in field of north Xinjiang. There were five drip irrigation treatments, i.e. W₁: 600 m³·hm^-2, W₂: 540 m³·hm^-2, W₃: 480 m³·hm^-2, W₄: 420 m³·hm^-2, W₅: 360 m³·hm^-2. The results showed that with the decrease in drip irrigation quota, LAI, LIR and CAP of cotton substantially decreased, with the difference between W₁ and W₂ being not statistically significant from the full squaring to boll opening stage. Moreover, DIFN was enhanced with the reduction in drip irrigation quota. Highest seed and lint yield (6549 kg·hm^-2 and 2677 kg·hm^-2, respectively) presented in W₁. W₂ got a 6.5% reduction of seed cotton yield compared with W₁, but the irrigation water use efficiency was enhanced by 3.9%. LAI, LIR and CAP were positively correlated with seed cotton yield from full flowering stage to full boll stage. Therefore, drip irrigation quota at 540 m³·hm^-2 could increase irrigation water use efficiency, maintain higher leaf area index, increase diffuse non-interceptance, and ensure light interception rate from full flowering stage to full boll stage, which could enhance canopy apparent photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency without sacrificing yield.

王秀媛, 马卉, 高宏云, 李楠楠, 李军宏, 夏军, 罗宏海. 新疆北部棉花冠层结构特征对滴灌定额的响应[J]. 应用生态学报, 2019, 30(12): 4169-4176.

WANG Xiu-yuan, MA Hui, GAO Hong-yun, LI Nan-nan, LI Jun-hong, XIA Jun, LUO Hong-hai. Responses of cotton canopy structure characteristics to drip irrigation quota in north Xinjiang, China[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2019, 30(12): 4169-4176.

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新疆北部棉花冠层结构特征对滴灌定额的响应

Responses of cotton canopy structure characteristics to drip irrigation quota in north Xinjiang, China

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