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植被对河道水流影响的研究进展

徐卫刚,张化永**,王中玉,黄文沛   

  1. (华北电力大学工程生态学与非线性科学研究中心, 北京 102206)
  • 出版日期:2013-01-18 发布日期:2013-01-18

Effects of vegetation on river flow: A review.

XU Wei-gang, ZHANG Hua-yong, WANG Zhong-yu, HUANG Wen-pei   

  1. (Research Center for Ecological Engineering and Nonlinear Science, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China)
  • Online:2013-01-18 Published:2013-01-18

摘要: 植被是自然河流的组成部分.明确植被与水流的相互影响,对于动植物栖息地的保护、水体富营养化的控制、河流和湖泊的生态修复,以及河道整治等方面均具有重要的科学和实践意义.本文回顾了国内外对河道植被与水流相互作用的研究状况,综述了植被对阻力系数、水流结构影响的研究,介绍了数值模拟在该领域的应用进展;基于文献资料,分析了河道断面形状、植株个体形态、植被分布格局等诸多因素对含植被水流流态的影响,阐述了在河流形态、时空尺度上植被变化、植被段内部水流分布、三维紊动模拟等方面深入研究河道植被水力学机制的重要性.

Abstract: Vegetation is a component of the natural river. To understand the interaction between vegetation and water flow is of scientific and practical significance for the protection of wildlife habitats, the control of water body eutrophication, the ecological restoration of rivers and lakes, and the management of riverways. This paper reviewed the researches about the interaction between vegetation and water flow in riverways, summarized the research progress in the effects of the vegetation on the resistance coefficient and water flow structure, and introduced the applications of numerical simulation in this research field. Based on the previous studies, the effects of river section shape, plant individual form, and vegetation distribution pattern on the flow regime of water flow in vegetation section were analyzed. For further study, the importance of deeply understanding the hydraulics mechanisms of the interaction between vegetation and water flow in terms of the diversity of river morphology, the vegetation variation at different spatiotemporal scales, the water flow distribution in vegetation section, and the three dimensional turbulent simulation was expatiated.