天童常绿阔叶林林窗的地形分布格局

应用生态学报

天童常绿阔叶林林窗的地形分布格局

张志国^1,2,马遵平^1,2,刘何铭^1,2,郑泽梅^1,2,谢玉彬^1,2,方晓峰^1,2,王希华^1,2**

(¹华东师范大学环境科学系, 上海 200241; ²浙江天童森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站, 浙江宁波 315114)

出版日期:2013-03-18 发布日期:2013-03-18

Topographic distribution patterns of forest gap within an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong region of Zhejiang Province, Eastern China.

ZHANG Zhi-guo^1,2, MA Zun-ping^1,2, LIU He-ming^1,2, ZHENG Ze-mei^1,2, XIE Yu-bin^1,2, FANG Xiao-feng^1,2, WANG Xi-hua^1,2

(¹Department of Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; ²Tiantong National Station of Forest Ecosystem, Chinese National Ecosystem Observation and Research Network, Ningbo 315114, Zhejiang, China)

Online:2013-03-18 Published:2013-03-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为探究多维地形因素对林窗分布的影响,以天童20 hm²常绿阔叶林动态监测样地内的林窗为对象,结合地理信息系统软件,分析了林窗空隙率、林窗密度以及林窗面积在海拔、坡度、坡向、坡形、坡位5种地形因子下的分布格局.结果表明: 该样地林窗空隙率为13.1%,林窗密度为9.5个·hm^-2,林窗平均面积为137.82 m²;因高海拔台风干扰的强度较大,高海拔段(≥500 m)林窗的空隙率和密度显著大于中低海拔段(<500 m);台风带来的强降雨极易引起小范围滑坡,使得沟谷的林窗空隙率和密度显著大于侧坡,林窗平均面积显著大于侧坡和山脊.台风及其带来的强降雨是造成林窗在海拔及坡位梯度上具有显著性差异的主要原因.

Abstract: To explore the effects of multi-dimensional topographic factors on forest gap distribution, the forest gaps in a 20 hm² dynamic monitoring plot of an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong region of Zhejiang were taken as the objects to study the distribution patterns of the gap fraction, gap density, and gap area under the effects of altitude, slope degree, slope shape, slope aspect, and slope position by using a geographic information system (GIS) software. In the plot, the gap fraction was 13.1%, gap density was 9.5 ind·hm^-2, and average gap area was 137.82 m². Because of the greater intensity of typhoon disturbance at high altitudes, the gap fraction and gap density at the high altitude (≥500 m) sections were significantly larger than those at the medium and low altitude (<500 m) sections. The heavy precipitation produced by typhoon could easily cause small scale landslide, and thus, lead to the gap fraction and gap density being larger in valley area than in side-slope and ridge. It was suggested that typhoon and its produced heavy precipitation could be the main causes of the significant differences in the forest gaps along the gradients of altitude and slope position.

张志国1,2,马遵平1,2,刘何铭1,2,郑泽梅1,2,谢玉彬1,2,方晓峰1,2,王希华1,2**. 天童常绿阔叶林林窗的地形分布格局[J]. 应用生态学报.

ZHANG Zhi-guo1,2, MA Zun-ping1,2, LIU He-ming1,2, ZHENG Ze-mei1,2, XIE Yu-bin1,2, FANG Xiao-feng1,2, WANG Xi-hua1,2. Topographic distribution patterns of forest gap within an evergreen broad-leaved forest in Tiantong region of Zhejiang Province, Eastern China.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.