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应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 608-614.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202002.025

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水生植物修复铁污染水体的效果及作用机制

褚淑祎1, 景创新2, 张夏颖2, 黄志达3,4, 肖继波2*   

  1. 1温州市农业科学研究院, 浙江温州 325006;
    2温州大学生命与环境科学学院, 浙江温州 325035;
    3温州市工业科学研究院, 浙江温州 325028;
    4温州创源环境科技有限公司, 浙江温州 325036
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-30 出版日期:2020-02-15 发布日期:2020-02-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: jbxiao@126.com
  • 作者简介:褚淑祎, 女, 1981年生, 博士, 副教授. 主要从事污染水体生态修复研究. E-mail: chusy1981@aliyun.com
  • 基金资助:
    本文由浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LGF19E090002)和温州市科技计划项目(Z20160011)资助

Remediation performance and mechanism of aquatic plants for iron polluted water

CHU Shu-yi1, JING Chuang-xin2, ZHANG Xia-ying2, HUANG Zhi-da3,4, XIAO Ji-bo2*   

  1. 1Wenzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wenzhou 325006, Zhejiang, China;
    2College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, Zhejiang, China;
    3Wenzhou Institute of Industry & Science, Wenzhou 325028, Zhejiang, China;
    4Wenzhou Chuangyuan Environment Technology Co. Ltd., Wenzhou 325036, Zhejiang, China
  • Received:2019-06-30 Online:2020-02-15 Published:2020-02-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: jbxiao@126.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the Zhejiang Provincial Basic Public Research Program (LGF19E090002) and the Wenzhou Science and Technology Project (Z20160011).

摘要: 为解决铁离子污染导致水体发黄问题,采用水培试验,分析了水禾、粉绿狐尾藻、圆币草、黄花水龙、大薸和圆叶节节菜等6种水生植物对铁离子污染水体的修复能力,研究了铁离子浓度、pH和植物生物量对水禾修复效果的影响,并探讨了曝气对水禾除铁的强化作用。结果表明: 6种水生植物均不同程度地促进了水中二价铁和全铁的去除,不同植物对铁的去除效果差异显著;试验24 h,水禾和圆币草处理二价铁浓度分别由5.0 mg·L-1降至0.23和0.26 mg·L-1,满足《地表水环境质量标准》(GB 3838—2002)限值要求(二价铁浓度≤0.3 mg·L-1),全铁浓度降至0.84和1.21 mg·L-1,去除率达83.2%和75.8%。pH在5、6、7、8时,各pH处理组二价铁和全铁浓度无显著差异,二价铁和全铁去除率分别为95.4%~98.4%和92.2%~94.6%。二价铁初始浓度≤5.0 mg·L-1时,二价铁和全铁去除率随二价铁浓度增加而增大;高浓度二价铁(10.0 mg·L-1)对水禾生长有一定的抑制作用,试验期间全铁去除不稳定,试验结束时全铁去除率较对照仅提高7.0%,远低于其他浓度处理。生物量≥300 g时,处理24 h,二价铁浓度从5.0 mg·L-1降至0.3 mg·L-1以下,且各生物量处理去除效果差异不显著。间歇曝气和连续曝气均强化水禾对铁的去除,连续曝气更利于稳定去除全铁。

Abstract: To solve the yellow colorization in water caused by iron ion, we evaluated the remediation performances of six aquatic plant species (Hygroryza aristata, Myriophyllum verticillatum, Hydrocotyle verticillata, Jussiaea stipulacea, Pistia stratiotes and Rotala rotundifolia) using hydroponic experiment. Effects of iron concentration, pH, plant biomass on iron removal were investigated, and the intensification of removing iron incurred by aeration was also discussed. Results showed that all the examined plant species could improve both divalent iron and total iron removal, but with significant difference in their performance. Divalent iron concentrations were decreased by H. aristata and H. verticillata from 5.0 mg·L-1 to 0.23 and 0.26 mg·L-1 within 24 h, respectively, meeting the standard of supplementary items for the drinking water and surface water sources (divalent iron concentration ≤0.3 mg·L-1), while total iron concentrations declined to 0.84 and 1.21 mg·L-1 with removal efficiency of 83.2% and 75.8%, respectively. Concentrations of divalent iron and total iron of plant treatment plots at pH 5, 6, 7, 8 were not significantly different, with removal efficiency of divalent iron and total iron being among 95.4%-98.4% and 92.2%-94.6%, separately. When initial divalent iron concentration was less than 5.0 mg·L-1, removal efficiency of divalent iron and total iron increased with the increases of divalent iron concentration. The growth of H. aristata was inhibited at divalent iron concentration of 10.0 mg·L-1. Total iron removal was not stable during the trial. Removal efficiency of plant treatment rose only by 7.0% compared with the control, which was much lower than other concentration treatments. The divalent iron concentration was decreased to < 0.3 mg·L-1 in 24 h at plant biomass >300 g, with no difference of removal efficiency among biomass treatments. Both intermittent and continuous aeration enhanced iron removal by H. aristata, but continuous aeration was more favorable for the removal of total iron due to stabilization.