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应用生态学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (6): 1807-1816.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.202006.023

• 稳定同位素生态学专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于稳定同位素分析不同退化程度小叶杨水分来源

孜尔蝶·巴合提, 贾国栋*, 余新晓, 史佳美, 蒋涛   

  1. 北京林业大学水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室, 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2019-12-26 出版日期:2020-06-15 发布日期:2020-06-15
  • 通讯作者: * E-mail: jgd3@163.com
  • 作者简介:孜尔蝶·巴合提, 女, 1995年生, 硕士研究生。主要从事森林生态水文和同位素水文研究。E-mail: 1597548544@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41877152)和林果业生态环境功能提升协同创新中心(市级)项目(CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000099)资助

Assessing water sources for Populus simonii with different degrees of degradation based on stable isotopes

ZI Er-die·BA He-ti, JIA Guo-dong*, YU Xin-xiao, SHI Jia-mei, JIANG Tao   

  1. Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2019-12-26 Online:2020-06-15 Published:2020-06-15
  • Contact: * E-mail: jgd3@163.com
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41877152) and Eco-environmental Function Promotion of Forest and Fruit Industry Collaborative Innovation Center (Municipal) (CEFF-PXM2019_014207_000099).

摘要: 水分是干旱地区植物生长的关键限制因子。小叶杨是河北省张北县典型的防护林树种,发挥了重要的生态屏障作用。为了揭示近年来该地区小叶杨出现大面积衰退的原因和机制,本研究利用稳定同位素技术,结合图解法和多元线性混合模型,分析了张北县4种不同退化程度(未退化、轻度退化、中度退化和重度退化)小叶杨在不同时期的水分来源和水分利用策略。结果表明: 生长前期(5—6月),不同退化程度小叶杨水分来源均比较单一,主要利用0~40 cm层的土壤水,未退化、轻度退化、中度退化和重度退化的利用率分别为34.2%、50.1%、41.6%和55.7%。生长中期(7—8月),未退化小叶杨吸收利用200~280 cm和280~400 cm层的土壤水,利用率分别为20.2%和30.9%;轻度退化小叶杨利用200~280和280~400 cm层的土壤水,利用率分别为33.2%和27.9%;中度退化小叶杨吸收利用0~40和40~120 cm层的土壤水,利用率分别为30%和26.9%;重度退化小叶杨对0~40 cm层土壤水的利用率达到55.4%。生长后期(9—10月),未退化小叶杨水分来源向中上层土壤水转移,主要利用0~40、40~80和80~120 cm层的土壤水,利用率分别为23.3%、17.2%和16.5%;轻度退化小叶杨利用0~40 cm层的土壤水,利用率为35.7%,对中层80~200 cm层土壤水的利用率也较高,为20.6%;中度和重度退化小叶杨主要利用0~40 cm层的土壤水,利用率分别为43.7%和51.8%。随着退化程度加重,小叶杨的主要水分来源从深层土壤水逐渐向表层土壤水转移。

Abstract: Water availability is the key factor limiting plant growth in arid regions. Populus simonii is a typical shelterbelt tree species in Zhangbei County, Hebei Province, with an important role in constructing ecological barrier. With stable isotope technique, graphical method, and multiple linear mixing model, we analyzed water sources and water use strategies of P. simonii in different growth periods with four different degrees of degradation (non-degraded, slightly degraded, modera-tely degraded and severely degraded) in Zhangbei County. Results would help improve our understanding on the cause and mechanism of the large-scale degradation of P. simonii in this area. The results showed that water sources of P. simonii in the early growth stage (May-June) from all four degradation degrees were relatively simple. P. simonii mainly used soil water in 0-40 cm, with the utilization rates being 34.2%, 50.1%, 41.6%, and 55.7% for the four degradation degrees, respectively. At the middle growth stage (July-August), non-degraded P. simonii utilized soil water from layers of 200-280 cm and 280-400 cm, with utilization rates of 20.2% and 30.9%, respectively. Soil water at 200-280 cm and 280-400 cm layers was utilized by slightly degraded poplar, with the contribution rates of each layer being 33.2% and 27.9%, respectively. Moderately degraded P. simonii utilized soil water from the depths of 0-40 cm and 40-120 cm, with the rates of 30% and 26.9%, respectively. Water utilization rate of severely degraded P. simonii to 0-40 cm depth was 55.4%. At the late growth stage (September-October), water sources of non-degraded P. simonii transferred to the upper-middle soil layers, with the utilization rate of 0-40 cm, 40-80 cm, and 80-120 cm being 23.3%, 17.2%, and 16.5%, respectively. The utilization rate of the slightly degraded P. simonii was 35.7% at 0-40 cm and 20.6% at 80-200 cm. The moderately and severely degraded P. simonii mainly utilized soil water at 0-40 cm layer, with the contribution rates of soil water being 43.7% and 51.8%, respectively. With the exacerbation of degradation, the main water source of P. simonii gradually transferred from deep to surface soil water.