灌水量对小桐子形态特征和水分利用的影响

应用生态学报

灌水量对小桐子形态特征和水分利用的影响

杨启良^1**,张京¹,刘小刚¹,袁理春²,刘艳伟¹,杨具瑞^1

(¹昆明理工大学现代农业工程学院, 昆明 650500; ²云南省农业科学院热区生态农业研究所, 云南元谋651300)

出版日期:2014-05-18 发布日期:2014-05-18

Effects of irrigation amount on morphological characteristics and water use of Jatropha curcas.

YANG Qi-liang¹, ZHANG Jing¹, LIU Xiao-gang¹, YUAN Li-chun², LIU Yan-wei¹, YANG Ju-rui^1

(¹Faculty of Modern Agricultural Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China; ^2Insititute for Tropical EcoAgricultural Sciences, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yuanmou 651300, Yunnan, China)

Online:2014-05-18 Published:2014-05-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 小桐子是能源作物中最具发展潜力的原料树种，而土壤水分是影响小桐子苗木质量和水分利用效率的关键.设置4个灌水处理（W₁：472.49 mm；W₂：228.79 mm；W₃：154.18 mm和W₄：106.93 mm），研究灌水量对小桐子幼树生长、形态特征和水分利用的影响.结果表明：与W₁相比，W₂、W₃和W₄处理小桐子叶面积和基茎截面面积显著降低，胡伯尔值显著增加，提高了根系向叶片传输水分的效率，提高小桐子抗旱能力；W₂处理根系和冠层干物质量显著降低，粗高比增加，但壮苗指数变化不显著，而W₃和W₄处理壮苗指数显著降低.表明灌水量228.79～472.49 mm有利于小桐子壮苗指数的提高.与W₁相比，W₃处理节约灌水量达67.4%，总干物质量和蒸散量分别显著降低17.4%和68.6%，因此，小桐子灌溉水利用效率和总水分利用效率显著增加153.2%和163.2%.本试验条件下，有利于小桐子水分利用效率提高的最佳灌水量为154.18 mm.

Abstract: Jatropha curcas is the most promising energy tree, and soil moisture is the key factor which affects the seedling quality and water use efficiency of J. curcas. With aims to evaluate the effect of different irrigation amount on growth, morphological characteristics and water use of J. curcas, a pot experiment was conducted with four irrigation amounts, i.e., W₁：472.49 mm, W₂：228.79 mm, W₃：154.18 mm and W₄：106.93 mm, respectively. Compared with W₁ treatment, the leaf area and stem crosssection area of base significantly decreased in W₂, W₃ and W₄ treatments, but Huber value significantly increased, which could improve the efficiency of water transfer from root to shoot, thus enhance the capability of resistance to drought stress. Compared with W₁ treatment, the healthy index of J. curcas seedlings decreased slightly in W₂ treatment but significantly decreased in W₃ and W₄ treatments. Hence, the irrigation amount from 228.79 to 472.49 mm was beneficial to increase the healthy index of J. curcas seedlings. Compared with W₁ treatment, irrigation water was saved by 67.4% in W₃ treatment, and the total dry mass and evapotranspiration significantly decreased by 17.4% and 68.6%, and the irrigation water use efficiency and total water use efficiency increased by 153.2% and 163.2%, respectively. In the condition of this study, the irrigation amount of 154.18 mm was beneficial to increase water use efficiency.

杨启良1**,张京1,刘小刚1,袁理春2,刘艳伟1,杨具瑞1. 灌水量对小桐子形态特征和水分利用的影响[J]. 应用生态学报.

YANG Qi-liang1, ZHANG Jing1, LIU Xiao-gang1, YUAN Li-chun2, LIU Yan-wei1, YANG Ju-rui1. Effects of irrigation amount on morphological characteristics and water use of Jatropha curcas.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.