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EG03菌剂对辣椒青枯病的防治效果及对根围土壤微生物群落的影响

邱敬萍1,黄艳霞2,王超2,俞仪阳2,柯红娇2,郭坚华2**   

  1. (1江苏省中国科学院植物研究所, 南京 210014; 2南京农业大学植物保护学院植物病理学系/江苏省生物源农药工程中心/农作物生物灾害综合治理教育部重点实验室, 南京 210095)
  • 出版日期:2014-05-18 发布日期:2014-05-18

Effects of bacterial consortium EG03 on control of pepper bacterial wilt and rhizosphere microbial community characteristics in fields.

QIU Jing-ping1, HUANG Yan-xia2, WANG Chao2, YU Yi-yang2, KE Hong-jiao2, GUO Jian-hua2   

  1. (1Institute of Botany, Jiangsu Province and the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210014, China; 2Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University/Jiangsu Province Engineering Center of Bioresource Pesticide/Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210095, China)
  • Online:2014-05-18 Published:2014-05-18

摘要: EG03菌剂由多种抗青枯劳尔氏菌(Ralstonia solanacearum)的拮抗细菌复配而成,田间施用能有效防治辣椒青枯病,平均防效达85.8%.采用稀释平板法、最大或然数(MPN)法以及Biolog微孔板培养系统研究了EG03菌剂对田间辣椒根围土壤微生物群落特征的影响.结果表明: EG03菌剂对根围土壤微生物群落的影响随时间变化而不同,施用后不同程度提高了真菌和芽孢杆菌的数量,并显著增加了自生固氮细菌的数量.根围土壤微生物群落平板每孔颜色平均变化率(AWCD)的变化随培养时间呈现典型的“S”型曲线,辣椒生长后期根围土壤AWCD值高于前期.6类碳源利用分析表明,EG03菌剂的施用在短期内会降低根围土壤微生物的碳源利用率,辣椒生长后期根围土壤中以糖类物质作为碳源的微生物占主导地位.微生物多样性指数分析发现,EG03菌剂施用前期会不同程度降低根围土壤微生物各项多样性指数,但施用后期会提高各项多样性指数,尤其在Simpson指数和McIntosh均匀度两项指标上差异显著.

Abstract: Bacterial consortium EG03, consisted of several different antagonistic bacteria against Ralstonia solanacearum, was demonstrated to efficiently control bacterial wilt of pepper in field with a biocontrol efficacy of 85.8%. The traditional dilution plate method, the most probable number(MPN) method and Biolog system were adopted to determine effects of EG03 on characteristics of microbial community in pepper rhizosphere. It’s shown that EG03’s effects on microbial community in pepper rhizospheric soil varied with time. There were an increase in the number of fungus and Bacillus spp. to some extent and a significant increase in that of nitrogenfixing bacteria. Biolog analysis showed that the curve between average well color development (AWCD) and incubation time was Sshaped for all the treatments and that the AWCD of pepper rhizospheric soil at the early stage was higher than at the late stage. The analysis of carbon source utilization showed that EG03 decreased microbial utilization of carbon source in shortterm, and the microbial community of pepper rhizospheric soil at the late stage composed mainly of microbes depended on sugars as carbon resource. EG03 treatment could decrease the five microbial diversity indices of rhizospheric microbes in short term, then increased those indices instead, especially with significant(P<0.05) increases in Simpson index and McIntosh evenness.