欢迎访问《应用生态学报》官方网站,今天是 分享到:

应用生态学报

• 研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

玉米幼苗对风沙流强度变化的生理响应

赵哈林1**,李瑾1,周瑞莲2,曲浩1,云建英1,潘成臣1   

  1. (1中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州 730000; 2鲁东大学生命科学学院, 山东烟台 264025)
  • 出版日期:2015-01-18 发布日期:2015-01-18

Physiological response of corn seedlings to changes of wind-sand flow strength.

ZHAO Ha-lin1, LI Jin1, ZHOU Rui-lian2, QU Hao1, YUN Jian-ying1, PAN Cheng-chen1   

  1. (1Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2Faculty of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong, China)
  • Online:2015-01-18 Published:2015-01-18

摘要: 在我国东北西部半干旱风沙区,春季玉米幼苗经常受到大风和风沙流危害.为了解风沙流危害下玉米幼苗的逆境生理特征,2013年在内蒙古东部科尔沁沙地研究了0(CK)、6、9、12、15和18 m·s-1等6个风速(风沙流强度分别为0、1.00、28.30、63.28、111.82和172.93 g·cm-1·min-1)10 min吹袭下幼苗丙二醛含量、膜透性、保护酶活性和渗透调节物质含量的变化.结果表明: 6~12 m·s-1的风沙流吹袭对玉米幼苗叶片含水量影响较小,而15和18 m·s-1的风沙流吹袭导致其叶片相对含水量分别下降19.0%和18.7%.随着风沙流吹袭强度的增大,其丙二醛含量趋于下降,15和18 m·s-1处理分别较CK下降35.0%和39.0%;而膜透性大幅度增加,15和18 m·s-1处理分别较CK增加191.3%和187.8%;SOD活性降低,CAT反应不敏感,POD活性显著增强.对于风沙流造成的轻度水分胁迫,其可溶性糖和脯氨酸均未发挥渗透调节作用,但在15和18 m·s-1强风沙流吹袭下其脯氨酸含量分别增加11.4%和24.5%,起到了渗透调节作用.

Abstract:

Corn seedlings are often harmed by strong wind-sand in the spring in semiarid windsand area of west of Northeast China. In order to understand physiological response mechanisms of the corn seedlings to windsand damage, the changes in MDA content, membrane permeability, protective enzymes activities and osmotic regulation substances at 0 (CK), 6, 9, 12, 15 and 18 m·s-1 wind speed (wind-sand flow strength: 0, 1.00, 28.30, 63.28, 111.82 and 172.93 g·cm-1·min-1, respectively) for 10 min duration were studied during the spring, 2013 in the Horqin Sand Land of Inner Mongolia. The results showed that effects of windsand flow blowing on the RWC of the corn seedling were lighter in the 6-12 m·s-1 treatments, but the RWC decreased by 19.0% and 18.7% in the 15 m·s-1 and 18 m·s-1 treatments compared to the CK, respectively. The MDA content tended to decline with increasing the wind-sand flow strength, and decreased by 35.0% and 39.0% in the 15 m·s-1 and 18 m·s-1 treatments compared to the CK, respectively. The membrane permeability increased significantly with increasing the windsand flow strength, and increased by 191.3% and 187.8% in the 15 m·s-1 and 18 m·s-1 treatments compared to the CK, respectively. With the increase of windsand flow strength, SOD activities decreased and changes of CAT activities were not significant, only POD activities increased significantly, which played an important role in the process of scavenging reactive oxygen species and protecting cell membrane against damage. For lighter water stress caused by windsand flow blowing, proline and soluble sugar did not play any role in osmotic adjustment, but the proline content increased by 11.4% and 24.5% in the 15 m·s-1 and 18 m·s-1 treatments compared to the CK, respectively, which played an important role in osmotic adjustment.