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应用生态学报

• 中国生态学学会2014年学术年会会议专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

城市生态系统服务研究综述

毛齐正1,黄甘霖1**,邬建国1,2   

  1. 1北京师范大学/地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室/人与环境系统可持续性研究中心, 北京 100875; 2美国亚利桑那州立大学生命科学学院和全球可持续性研究所, 坦佩, 亚利桑那州 85287, 美国)
  • 出版日期:2015-04-18 发布日期:2015-04-18

Urban ecosystem services: A review.

MAO Qi-zheng1, HUANG Gan-lin1, WU Jian-guo1,2   

  1. (1Center for HumanEnvironment System Sustainability, State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; 2School of Life Sciences and Global Institute of Sustainability, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA)
  • Online:2015-04-18 Published:2015-04-18

摘要: 维持和改善城市生态系统服务与人类福祉、促进可持续发展是当前城市生态学研究的重要议题之一.本文对城市生态系统服务的已有研究进行综述:基于城市生态系统服务的概念与内涵,总结了城市生态系统服务的主要特征,即人为主导性、高需求性、异质性、动态性、多功能性、社会经济属性以及负效应;当前城市生态系统服务的评价方法主要有指标法、价值评估法与模型模拟法;在城市生态系统不同类型服务中,调节服务与文化服务对提高城市居民健康尤为重要;城市生态系统服务的权衡主要表现在支持服务与文化服务之间、调节服务与文化服务之间.最后,总结了未来城市生态系统服务发展的主要方向,特别强调了城市生态系统服务研究在城市景观规划与设计中的重要作用.

Abstract:

Maintaining and improving ecosystem services in urban areas and human wellbeing are essential for sustainable development and therefore constitute an important topic in urban ecology. Here we reviewed studies on ecosystem services in urban areas. Based on the concept and classification of urban ecosystem services, we summarized characteristics of urban ecosystem services, including the human domination, high demand of ecosystem services in urban areas, spatial heterogeneity and temporal dynamics of ecosystem services supply and demand in urban areas, multiservices of urban green infrastructures, the socioeconomic dimension of ecosystem services supply and ecosystem disservices in urban areas. Among different urban ecosystem services, the regulating service and cultural service are particularly indispensable to benefit human health. We pointed out that tradeoffs among different types of ecosystem services mostly occur between supportive service and cultural service, as well as regulating service and cultural service. In particular, we emphasized the relationship between landscape design (i.e. green infrastructure) and ecosystem services supply. Finally, we discussed current gaps to link urban ecosystem services studies to landscape design and management and pointed out several directions for future research in urban ecosystem services.