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不同盐碱类型胁迫对红地球/贝达葡萄植株离子分布的影响

杜远鹏,晋学娟,郭淑华,付晴晴,翟衡**   

  1. (山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院/作物生物学国家重点实验室,  山东泰安 271018)
  • 出版日期:2015-06-18 发布日期:2015-06-18

Effects of different salt and alkali stresses on ion distribution in Red globe/Beta grapevines.

DU Yuan-peng, JIN Xue-juan, GUO Shu-hua, FU Qing-qing, ZHAI Heng   

  1. (College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China)
  • Online:2015-06-18 Published:2015-06-18

摘要: 以盆栽红地球/贝达葡萄为试材,定量浇灌NaCl、Na2SO4、NaHCO3、NH4Cl和(NH4)2SO4,筛选导致葡萄叶片黄化的盐、碱离子,研究不同盐碱类型胁迫对葡萄植株离子分布的影响.结果表明: NaHCO3对植株影响最大,叶片在处理14 d时出现黄化症状,而NaCl和NH4Cl处理28 d时出现黄化症状.NaHCO3和NaCl处理均显著增加了植株各器官中Na+含量,NaHCO3处理根中Na+含量是对照的 6.4倍;这两种盐处理均降低了除叶片外其他器官中的K+含量,NaHCO3处理显著降低了各器官中K/Na,根中K/Na仅为0.1,NaCl处理降低了除茎外其他器官中K/Na;这两种盐处理还降低了Ca2+、Mg2+、Fe2+向地上部的运输.NH4Cl、(NH4)2SO4和Na2SO4处理降低了植株各器官中K/Na,以NH4Cl处理显著.碱性盐NaHCO3对葡萄叶片黄化影响最大,其次是中性盐NaCl,再次是NH4Cl,而(NH4)2SO4和Na2SO4影响较小.

Abstract: The potted Red globe/Beta grapevines were selected to irrigated with NaCl, Na2SO4, NaHCO3, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4 . Hence, the ions which induced leaf etiolation were screened and the impacts of different salt and alkali on ion distribution in different organs of grapevines were investigated. It was found that NaHCO3 exerted the greatest effects on grapevines, leaf etiolation at 14 days after treatment. By contrast, NaCl and NH4Cl treatments induced leaf etiolation at 28 days after treatment. The Na+ content in all the detected organs were significantly increased under NaHCO3 and NaCl treatment, and Na+ content in root under NaHCO3 treatment was 6.4 times as that in control root. NaHCO3 and NaCl treatments significantly decreased K+ content in the organs with the exception of leaf. NaHCO3 treatment significantly decreased K/Na in different organs, which declined to 0.1 in root. By contrast, NaCl treatment significantly decreased K/Na in the detected organs with exception of stem. Besides, the transport of Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ to aboveground organs was significantly decreased by NaHCO3 and NaCl treatments. K/Na ratio in the detected organs were decreased under NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4 and Na2SO4 treatments, especially under NH4 Cl treatment. Taken together, NaHCO3 was the primary factor resulting in leaf etiolation, followed by NaCl and NH4Cl, while
(NH4)2SO4 and Na2SO4 produced impacts.