田间增温对半干旱区春小麦生长发育和产量的影响

应用生态学报

田间增温对半干旱区春小麦生长发育和产量的影响

张凯^1,2**,王润元¹,王鹤龄¹,赵鸿¹,赵福年¹,阳伏林¹,雷俊^3

(¹中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室, 兰州 730020; ²中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 兰州 730000; ³甘肃省定西市气象局, 甘肃定西 743000)

出版日期:2015-09-18 发布日期:2015-09-18

Effects of increasing field temperature on growth, development and yield of spring wheat in semiarid area.

ZHANG Kai^1,2, WANG Run-yuan¹, WANG He-ling¹, ZHAO Hong¹, ZHAO Fu-nian¹, YANG Fu-lin¹, LEI Jun^3

(¹China Meteorological Administration Key Open Laboratory of Arid Climate Change and Disaster Reduction / Gansu Province Key Laboratory of Arid Climatic Changing and Reducing Disaster, Institute of Arid Meteorology, China Meteorological Administration, Lanzhou 730020, China; ^2Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; ³ Dingxi Bureau of Meteorology, Dingxi 743000, Gansu, China)

Online:2015-09-18 Published:2015-09-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 在中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所定西气象和生态环境试验站,利用开放式红外增温系统设置增加0 ℃(对照)、1 ℃、2 ℃3个温度梯度，模拟田间增温对春小麦生长发育、产量及产量构成因素的影响.结果表明: 冠层温度增加1～2 ℃,春小麦的全生育期比对照缩短7～11 d.生育前期增温使株高增高,叶面积指数增大;从拔节期开始增温使株高和叶面积指数降低,且增温2 ℃处理的效应大于增温1 ℃处理.温度升高导致叶绿素含量降低,尤其是灌浆后期到乳熟期.增温1～2 ℃,产量较对照降低25.4%～45.5%,主要是由于穗粒数和穗粒质量显著减少.增温处理明显降低了春小麦田间土壤贮水量,0～100 cm土壤贮水消耗量随温度的增加呈逐渐增加趋势,而在100 cm以下深层土壤变化趋势不明显.

Abstract:

A field infrared temperatureincreasing simulation experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of air temperature increases (0, 1 and 2 ℃) on growth, development and yield of spring wheat at the Dingxi Arid Meteorology and Ecological Environment Experimental Station of the Institute of Arid Meteorology of China Meteorological Administration. The results showed that the growth period of spring wheat was shortened by 7-11 d when the temperature increased by 1-2 ℃. The plant height and leaf area index increased at early growth stage, decreased after entering the jointing stage, and warming 2 ℃ had a higher effect than warming 1 ℃. Warming treatment induced an obvious decrease in chlorophyll content, especially from late grain filling stage to milk ripe stage. Compared with the control, increasing temperature by 1-2 ℃ decreased the spring wheat yield by 25.4%-45.5%, mainly due to obvious decreases in number of grains and grain mass per panicle. Water consumption of 0-100 cm soil horizons increased with the increase of temperature, while the variation tendency of water consumption of 100-160 cm soil horizons was not obvious.

张凯1,2**,王润元1,王鹤龄1,赵鸿1,赵福年1,阳伏林1,雷俊3. 田间增温对半干旱区春小麦生长发育和产量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报.

ZHANG Kai1,2, WANG Run-yuan1, WANG He-ling1, ZHAO Hong1, ZHAO Fu-nian1, YANG Fu-lin1, LEI Jun3. Effects of increasing field temperature on growth, development and yield of spring wheat in semiarid area.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.