不同类型保水剂对冬小麦水分利用效率和根系形态的影响

应用生态学报

不同类型保水剂对冬小麦水分利用效率和根系形态的影响

李中阳^1,2,3,吕谋超^1**,樊向阳^1,2,3,杜臻杰^1,2,3,胡超^1,2,3

(¹中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所, 河南新乡 453002; ^2中国农业科学院河南新乡农业水土环境野外科学观测试验站, 河南新乡 453002; ³中国农业科学院农业水资源高效安全利用重点开放实验室, 河南新乡 453002)

出版日期:2015-12-18 发布日期:2015-12-18

Influences of different kinds of water retentive agents on water use efficiency and root morphology of winter wheat.

LI Zhong-yang^1,2,3, LYU Mou-chao¹, FAN Xiang-yang^1,2,3, DU Zhen-jie^1,2,3, HU Chao^1,2,3

(¹Farmland Irrigation Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China; ²Agricultural Water and Soil Environmental Field Science Research Station, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China; ^3Key Laboratory of Highefficient and Safe Utilization of Agriculture Water Resources, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China)

Online:2015-12-18 Published:2015-12-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 采用田间小区试验，研究5种不同类型保水剂及2个施用水平对冬小麦产量、水分利用效率、根形态的影响.结果表明: 冬小麦茎蘖数、旗叶面积、产量和水分利用效率在不同类型保水剂及施用量处理之间存在显著差异.与对照相比,5种保水剂处理冬小麦产量增加1.3%～7.9%,水分利用效率由对照的17.1 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1提高到18.0～20.7 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1.保水剂对冬小麦根系的平均直径、总根长和总表面积的影响均达到显著水平,在0～20和20～40 cm土层,总根长分别增加3.7%～19.1%和6.3%～27.3%,总表面积分别增加6.5%～21.7%和2.9%～18.5%.冬小麦根系形态特征与冬小麦产量和水分利用效率均呈显著正相关.丙烯酰胺/无机矿物复合型保水剂对提高冬小麦水分利用效率和促进根系生长效果最为明显.

Abstract:

The effects of 5 different kinds of water retentive agents at 2 application levels on yield, water use efficiency and root morphology of winter wheat were studied through field experiments. The results showed that there were significant differences in tiller number, flag leaf area, yield and water use efficiency (WUE) among the water retentive agent treatments of different varieties and application levels. Compared with the control, the yield increased by 1.3%-7.9%, and the WUE increased from 17.1 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1 to 18.0-20.7 kg·hm^-2·mm^-1 under these 5 different kinds of water retentive agent treatments. The influences of water retentive agents on average root diameter, total root length and total root surface of winter wheat all reached a significant level. The total root length increased by 3.7%-19.1% and 6.3%-27.3%, and the total root surface area increased by 6.5%-21.7% and 2.9%-18.5% in the 0-20 and 20-40 cm soil layers, respectively. The root morphology characteristics were significantly positively correlated with both yield and WUE of winter wheat. The compound water retentive agent of acrylamide/inorganic mineral had the most significant influence on the increase of WUE and the promotion of root growth of winter wheat.

李中阳1,2,3,吕谋超1**,樊向阳1,2,3,杜臻杰1,2,3,胡超1,2,3. 不同类型保水剂对冬小麦水分利用效率和根系形态的影响[J]. 应用生态学报.

LI Zhong-yang1,2,3, LYU Mou-chao1, FAN Xiang-yang1,2,3, DU Zhen-jie1,2,3, HU Chao1,2,3. Influences of different kinds of water retentive agents on water use efficiency and root morphology of winter wheat.[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology.