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滴灌甜菜叶丛生长期对干旱胁迫的生理响应

李阳阳1,耿青云2,费聪1,樊华1*   

  1. (1石河子大学农学院, 新疆石河子 832003; 2塔城地区农业技术推广中心, 新疆塔城 834700)
  • 出版日期:2016-01-18 发布日期:2016-01-18

Physiological responses of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) to drought stress during vegetative development period under drip irrigation.

LI Yang-yang1, GENG Qing-yun2, FEI Cong1, FAN Hua1*   

  1. (1College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang, China; 2Tacheng Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Tacheng 834700, Xinjiang, China).
  • Online:2016-01-18 Published:2016-01-18

摘要: 在人工控水条件下,于叶丛生长期设置0~40 cm土层含水量为70%田间持水量、50%田间持水量和30%田间持水量3个处理,研究干旱胁迫下甜菜叶片相关生理性状的变化.结果表明: 甜菜叶丛生长期中度缺水处理(50%田间持水量)的补偿指数最大,甜菜叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量、相对电导率、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及可溶性糖含量均在复水后24 h产生补偿效应,脯氨酸产生的补偿效应在复水后48 h,过氧化物酶(POD)未发生补偿效应.酶促活性氧清除系统以CAT反应最为灵敏.因此,在甜菜叶丛快速生长期,当土壤含水量下降至田间持水量的50%时应及时进行补充灌溉,促使叶片产生补偿效应,从而降低干旱胁迫对甜菜产量和含糖量的影响.

Abstract: Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris cv. Beta 356) was subjected to drought stress during vegetative development by maintaining the soil water content in the 0-40 cm soil depth at 70%, 50% or 30% of field capacity to study the physiological traits of the leaves. Results showed that the compensation index was the highest in the 50% field capacity treatment. Malonaldehyde (MDA) content, relative conductivity, catalase (CAT) activity, and soluble sugar content began to increase 24 h after rehydration. Proline content began to increase 48 h after rehydration. In contrast, no compensation effect was observed in peroxidase (POD) activity after rehydration. Among the active oxygen-scavenging  enzymes, CAT was most sensitive to drought stress. Supplemental irrigation should be carried out promptly when the soil water content dropped to 50% of field capacity during vegetative development. Rehydration could promote self-repair functions in leaves, thus reducing the effects of drought on sugar beet yield and sugar content.