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应用生态学报 ›› 2019, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 180-188.doi: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201901.037

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

荒漠绿洲农田垦殖过程中耕层土壤碳储量演变特征

孔君洽1,2,杜泽玉1,2,杨荣1*,苏永中1   

  1. 1中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 临泽内陆河流域综合研究站, 兰州 730000;
    2中国科学院大学, 北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2018-06-04 修回日期:2018-11-29 出版日期:2019-01-20 发布日期:2019-01-20
  • 通讯作者: yangrong@lzb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:孔君洽, 女, 1992年生, 硕士研究生. 主要从事土地利用变化对土壤碳循环的影响研究. E-mail: kongjunqia@lzb.ac.cn
  • 基金资助:
    本文由国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2017YFC0504306, 2017YFC0504304)资助

Evolutionary characteristics of soil organic carbon storage in soil plough layer under a cropland reclamation process in desert oasis

KONG Jun-qia1,2, DU Ze-yu1,2, YANG Rong1*, SU Yong-zhong1   

  1. 1Linze Inland River Basin Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
    2University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
  • Received:2018-06-04 Revised:2018-11-29 Online:2019-01-20 Published:2019-01-20
  • Supported by:
    This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2017YFC0504306, 2017YFC0504304).

摘要: 以河西走廊中段临泽荒漠绿洲区为研究对象,通过实地调查结合遥感影像辨析确定农田的开垦年限,对比不同开垦背景的农田耕层(0~20 cm)土壤有机碳储量(SOCD)的变化特征,研究荒漠绿洲农田垦殖过程中SOCD的演变趋势.结果表明: 研究区农田耕层SOCD在2.41~32.97 t·hm-2范围变动,平均值为17.22 t·hm-2;盐碱地、戈壁和沙地背景农田SOCD平均值分别为19.36、16.10、15.93 t·hm-2.随着开垦年限的增加,农田耕层SOCD呈增加趋势,但沙地和戈壁背景农田开垦20年后增加趋势放缓,盐碱地背景的农田在25年后才表现出放缓趋势;沙地、戈壁和盐碱地背景农田土壤有机碳(SOC)的固存速率分别为0.424、0.485、0.811 t·hm-2·a-1.SOCD与全氮、全磷、碱解氮、速效磷含量呈显著正相关,而与速效钾、pH相关性不显著.综上所述,荒漠绿洲盐碱地背景农田SOC的固存速率显著高于戈壁、沙地背景农田,但开垦30年后不同背景农田SOCD仍处于较低水平,需要针对不同开垦背景对绿洲农田进行管理以提高荒漠绿洲土地利用效率和生产力.

Abstract: The reclamation time was examined by combining field investigation and remote sensing image analysis in the Linze desert oasis area in the middle of the Hexi Corridor. Characteristics of soil organic carbon storage (SOCD) in cropland (0-20 cm) with different reclamation backgrounds were compared to understand the evolution trend of SOCD during reclamation. The SOCD of cropland (0-20 cm) varied from 2.41 to 32.97 t·hm-2, with an average of 17.22 t·hm-2. The ave-rage SOCD of cropland in saline-alkali land, Gobi and sandy land background was 19.36, 16.10, and 15.93 t·hm-2, respectively. The SOCD under three different reclamation conditions showed an increasing trend after cultivation. The cropland in sandy land and the Gobi background slowly increased after 20 years reclamation. The cropland in saline-alkali background showed a slowdown after 25 years reclamation. The SOC sequestration rates of the cropland under sandy land, Gobi and saline-alkali land background were 0.424, 0.485 and 0.811 t·hm-2·a-1, respectively. The SOCD were positively correlated with total nitrogen, total phosphorus, available nitrogen, and available phosphorus content, but had no significant correlation with available potassium and soil pH. In conclusion, the SOC sequestration rate in the saline-alkali land background was significantly higher than that in Gobi and sandy land background. However, SOCD were at a relatively low level after 30 years reclamation. Therefore, cropland management needs to be carried out for different reclamation backgrounds to improve land use efficiency and productivity in desert oasis.